A tension headache is a common type of headache characterized by mild to moderate pain or discomfort in the head, scalp, or neck. It often feels like a tight band or vise squeezing around the head, with pressure across the forehead, sides, or back of the head. These headaches are frequently linked to muscle tightness in these areas and can last from 30 minutes to several days. This article explores how certain hairstyles can contribute to tension headaches and offers strategies for relief and prevention.
The Connection Between Hair and Headaches
Long hair or specific hairstyles can indeed contribute to tension headaches. It is not the hair itself that causes the pain, but rather the consistent pulling or weight it exerts on the scalp. The scalp contains numerous sensitive nerves and hair follicles, and when these are subjected to prolonged tension, they can become irritated. This irritation can lead to a type of pain known as allodynia, where a sensation that would normally not cause pain, such as the feeling of hair in a ponytail, is perceived as painful.
The constant pressure or traction can also strain the pericranial muscles, which are the muscles surrounding the skull. This muscle strain can contribute to the dull, aching pain characteristic of tension headaches. People who are already prone to tension headaches or migraines may experience heightened sensitivity to this scalp tension.
How Hair Pulls Trigger Headaches
Tight hairstyles, often called “ponytail headaches” or “external compression headaches,” create sustained pressure on the scalp and nerves. This continuous traction irritates extracranial sensory fibers, including branches of the trigeminal and occipital nerves, leading to pain.
Hairstyles such as high ponytails, tight buns, braids, and even restrictive headbands can exert significant pull on the scalp. The weight of long, thick hair, especially when wet, can also contribute to this pulling sensation.
Strategies for Relief and Prevention
To alleviate or prevent hair-related tension headaches, opting for looser hairstyles is a primary strategy. Loosening ponytails, buns, or braids can immediately reduce the pressure on the scalp. Varying hairstyles throughout the day or wearing hair down more often can also help distribute tension and prevent localized strain.
Choosing softer, wider hair ties and avoiding heavy hair accessories can further minimize pressure points on the scalp. If hair weight is a significant factor, thinning the ends or considering a layered haircut can reduce the overall pull. For immediate relief, gently massaging the scalp or applying a warm compress to the affected area can help relax strained muscles and soothe irritated nerves.
When to Consult a Doctor
While hair-related tension headaches are generally not severe, persistent or worsening headaches warrant professional evaluation. It is advisable to consult a doctor if headaches occur more frequently or are more severe than usual, or if over-the-counter pain relievers do not provide relief.
Seek immediate medical attention if a headache is sudden and extremely painful, accompanied by a high fever, stiff neck, confusion, vision changes, numbness, weakness, or difficulty speaking. These symptoms could indicate a more serious underlying condition that requires urgent medical assessment.