Experiencing contractions that begin, then slow or stop, can be confusing and raise questions about whether labor has truly begun. This common pattern, where the uterus contracts without immediately progressing to active labor, is a normal part of the birthing process. It serves as the body’s preparation for childbirth. Understanding these irregular contractions can help manage expectations and reduce anxiety.
Types of Irregular Contractions
Contractions that do not lead to immediate active labor fall into a few categories. Braxton Hicks contractions, often called “practice contractions,” are mild, infrequent, and do not cause cervical changes. They may feel like a tightening or hardening of the uterus and often subside with a change in activity or rest. These contractions help tone the uterine muscles for future labor.
Prodromal labor involves contractions that are more intense and regular than Braxton Hicks, sometimes mimicking early labor patterns. These contractions can occur for days or even weeks before active labor, coming as close as 5-10 minutes apart and lasting about a minute, but they do not lead to significant cervical dilation. Despite their intensity, prodromal contractions are considered preparatory, potentially helping to position the baby or soften the cervix without initiating active labor.
Latent labor is the initial phase of true labor, where contractions begin to cause gradual cervical changes. While these contractions are present, they may still be irregular in strength, frequency, and duration, leading to periods of apparent inactivity. This phase can last for hours or even days as the cervix thins and begins to open, often before contractions become consistently strong and close together.
Reasons for Paused Labor
Several physiological and circumstantial factors can cause labor contractions to become irregular or temporarily cease. Maternal fatigue is a common reason, as the body conserves energy when exhausted, potentially slowing or halting uterine activity. Inadequate fluid intake can also lead to ineffective contractions, as dehydration impacts muscle function. Emotional stress or anxiety can interfere with the body’s natural hormonal processes, specifically by inhibiting oxytocin production, which is important for strong contractions.
The baby’s position within the pelvis can also influence contraction effectiveness, with certain fetal positions potentially leading to less efficient contractions. Sometimes, a pause, known as a “labor plateau,” is a natural self-regulation by the body and baby, allowing for rest or repositioning. These pauses are normal and can be beneficial, indicating the body is taking the necessary time to prepare for active labor progression.
Coping with Intermittent Labor
Managing contractions that start and stop at home involves focusing on comfort and self-care. Rest and relaxation are important for conserving energy, especially if the irregular contractions last for an extended period. Expectant individuals might try to sleep if possible, as being overly tired can lengthen labor. Staying hydrated by drinking water and maintaining nutrition with light snacks helps support the body’s energy demands.
To cope with intermittent labor:
Light activity, such as walking or changing positions, can help encourage labor progression and manage discomfort.
Taking a warm bath or shower can provide comfort and help ease the intensity of contractions.
Engaging in distracting activities, like listening to music or reading, can help take the mind off the contractions.
Practicing breathing exercises learned in childbirth classes can also assist in coping with the sensations.
When to Contact Your Provider
Knowing when to seek medical attention is important during irregular contractions. Contact your healthcare provider immediately if your water breaks, especially if the fluid is green, brown, or has an unusual odor, which could indicate a fetal bowel movement. Any significant vaginal bleeding, distinct from a small amount of “bloody show,” warrants immediate medical evaluation. A decrease in fetal movement requires urgent attention.
Severe or unbearable pain unlike typical labor contractions should prompt a call to your provider. If contractions become consistently strong, long (e.g., 60 seconds), and close together (e.g., every 5 minutes for at least an hour), this indicates progression into active labor. Your healthcare team can provide specific instructions based on your individual situation.