Can Kids Get Warts?
Warts are common, benign skin growths that frequently affect children. They are noncancerous and generally do not pose a serious health risk, though they can sometimes be bothersome or cause discomfort. Warts are more prevalent in children than in adults, with approximately one in five children experiencing them. While their presence can be a nuisance, these skin growths are typically harmless and often resolve on their own.
How Warts Develop and Spread
Warts are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), a family of viruses that lead to skin infections. The HPV strains responsible for common skin warts are different from those associated with more serious health concerns, such as certain cancers. The virus enters the skin through small cuts, scrapes, or abrasions, which are common in active children. Once the virus enters, it can take several months for a wart to become visible.
Warts spread through various forms of contact. Direct skin-to-skin contact with an infected person is a common transmission route. Children who bite their fingernails or pick at hangnails may also create entry points for the virus, increasing their risk.
Common Wart Types and Appearance
Warts in children present in several forms, each with distinct characteristics and typical locations.
Common Warts
Common warts often appear on the fingers, hands, knees, and elbows. These warts are usually flesh-colored or grayish-yellow, featuring a rough, dome-shaped surface that can resemble a tiny cauliflower. They may also contain small black dots, which are clotted blood vessels.
Plantar Warts
Plantar warts develop on the soles of the feet. Due to pressure from walking, these warts tend to grow inward and are often flatter than common warts, sometimes covered by a callus. They can be painful, creating a sensation like walking on a small stone. Plantar warts may also display tiny black dots.
Flat Warts
Flat warts are typically small, smooth, and flat-topped. These warts often appear in clusters and are commonly found on the face, arms, or legs. They are generally pink, light brown, or yellow in color.
Treatment Options and Medical Consultation
Warts often disappear on their own, especially in children, though this process can take several months to a few years.
If treatment is desired, over-the-counter options are available. Salicylic acid, commonly found in patches, gels, or liquids, works by gradually peeling away layers of the wart. When using these products, protect the surrounding healthy skin and follow instructions.
A medical consultation is recommended if a wart becomes painful, bleeds, rapidly grows, or is on sensitive areas like the face or genitals. Consult a doctor if home treatments are ineffective or if the child has a compromised immune system.
Healthcare providers have several in-office treatment options. Cryotherapy involves freezing the wart with liquid nitrogen, causing a blister to form underneath, leading to its eventual removal. Other methods include cantharidin application, or minor surgical procedures like excision or laser treatment.
Preventing Wart Transmission
Preventing the spread of warts involves practicing good hygiene and taking precautions. Regular hand washing reduces human papillomavirus transmission. Children should avoid picking or scratching their warts, as this can spread the virus to other parts of their body or to others.
Keeping warts covered with a bandage or duct tape, especially in communal areas like swimming pools or gyms, helps contain the virus. Children should avoid sharing personal items such as towels, socks, and shoes. Wearing flip-flops or water shoes in public showers, locker rooms, and around pools can also prevent direct contact with contaminated surfaces.