A kidney infection, known medically as pyelonephritis, typically results from a bacterial infection that has spread to one or both kidneys. While not a direct cause of weight gain, this condition can indirectly contribute to changes in body weight due to the body’s response to infection.
The Link Between Kidney Infection and Weight Changes
Kidney infections can influence body weight through several interconnected mechanisms. These primarily involve fluid balance and the body’s systemic response to illness.
One significant contributor to weight changes is fluid retention. When kidneys are inflamed or their function is impaired by an infection, they may struggle to filter waste and excess fluid from the body effectively. This reduced ability to excrete water and sodium can lead to a buildup of fluid in tissues, manifesting as swelling, particularly in the legs, ankles, or face, and resulting in weight gain.
Inflammation, a natural bodily response to infection, also plays a role. The systemic inflammatory response can cause fluid shifts within the body and contribute to feelings of general malaise. This can lead to decreased appetite or other changes affecting weight.
Medications prescribed for kidney infections can also influence weight. Certain antibiotics, while treating the infection, might affect the gut microbiome. Additionally, if inflammation is severe, corticosteroids might be prescribed, and these medications are known to cause side effects such as increased appetite and fluid retention.
Feeling unwell, fatigued, or experiencing pain due to a kidney infection often leads to reduced physical activity. When individuals are less active and their daily routines are disrupted, changes in eating habits can occur. This combination of decreased energy expenditure and altered dietary patterns can contribute to weight gain during the illness and recovery period.
Recognizing Kidney Infection Symptoms
Recognizing the symptoms of a kidney infection is important for timely diagnosis and treatment. These infections, often starting as bladder infections, can escalate and cause more severe systemic symptoms.
Common signs include fever and chills. Individuals may also experience pain in their back, side, or groin, specifically in the flank area where the kidneys are located.
Urinary symptoms are frequently present, such as painful or frequent urination, a strong, lasting urge to urinate, or cloudy and foul-smelling urine. Other general symptoms can include nausea, vomiting, and fatigue due to the body’s efforts to fight the infection.
When to Consult a Doctor
Seeking timely medical attention is important if you suspect a kidney infection. Prompt diagnosis and treatment can prevent potential complications and ensure a smoother recovery.
Consult a healthcare provider if you experience any persistent symptoms suggestive of a kidney infection, such as fever, chills, back pain, or urinary issues. If sudden or unexplained weight gain occurs alongside these other symptoms, it warrants medical evaluation to determine the cause.
Do not delay care if symptoms intensify or worsen. Individuals with pre-existing conditions like diabetes or a history of recurrent urinary tract infections should be particularly vigilant, as they may be at increased risk for kidney infections.