Boric acid is an over-the-counter compound used as a suppository or capsule inserted directly into the vagina. This weak acid is derived from the element boron and has been utilized for centuries for its mild antiseptic and antifungal properties. Its primary function as a vaginal remedy is to help restore the vaginal environment to its natural, healthy acidic state.
The Primary Uses of Boric Acid
The vagina naturally maintains an acidic pH, typically ranging between 3.8 and 4.5, which is necessary for the growth of beneficial Lactobacilli bacteria. When this environment becomes too alkaline, it can lead to an overgrowth of harmful organisms, causing common infections. Boric acid suppositories, often dosed at 600 mg, work by acidifying the vaginal pH, creating an inhospitable environment for pathogens.
Boric acid is frequently used to manage recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis, commonly known as a yeast infection. This is particularly true for infections caused by non-albicans species of Candida. Studies have shown that boric acid can achieve cure rates ranging from 40% to 100% in cases of recurrent yeast infections.
Boric acid is also an established therapy for recurrent bacterial vaginosis (BV), an infection characterized by an imbalance in vaginal flora and an alkaline pH. Healthcare providers often prescribe it following a course of oral antibiotics to help maintain the corrected pH. The suppositories help prevent BV from returning by supporting the environment where protective Lactobacilli can flourish.
Safety and Efficacy During Menstruation
Most healthcare providers agree that using a boric acid suppository during menstruation is safe, but its effectiveness may be reduced. Menstrual blood has a pH of approximately 7.4, which is significantly more alkaline than the healthy vaginal pH the suppository is trying to restore. The presence of this higher pH blood can temporarily neutralize or dilute the boric acid, potentially hindering its full therapeutic effect.
Due to dilution, the treatment course may need to be extended or repeated after the period ends to fully resolve the issue. A key practical consideration is avoiding tampons or menstrual cups while using the suppository. These internal products can absorb the dissolved medication, rendering the treatment ineffective.
Individuals should use sanitary pads or panty liners to manage menstrual flow and the watery discharge resulting from the dissolving suppository. If symptoms persist or worsen despite completing the full treatment regimen, consult a healthcare professional. Consulting a doctor is important if the infection is recurrent or if new symptoms like fever or unusual bleeding occur.
General Usage Instructions and Contraindications
Boric acid suppositories are typically administered once daily, most often at night just before bed, to maximize the time the compound remains in the vagina. Lying down helps keep the suppository in place as it dissolves, which usually takes between four and twelve hours. The standard duration of treatment varies depending on the condition being addressed but is commonly recommended for 7 to 14 consecutive days.
It is important to wear a panty liner during treatment to manage the expected watery discharge as the capsule dissolves. Boric acid is toxic if swallowed and must only be used vaginally. Individuals must never take the capsules by mouth, and they should be stored safely away from children.
Boric acid should never be used during pregnancy or while breastfeeding, as its safety profile has not been established. Application should also be avoided if there are any open sores or lacerations in the vaginal area, which could lead to increased irritation or systemic absorption. If mild side effects like burning or irritation occur, stopping use and consulting a doctor is advised.