Orthodontic elastics, commonly called rubber bands, are a precise component used to achieve a properly aligned bite. While brackets and wires straighten teeth within each arch, elastics correct the relationship between the upper jaw (maxilla) and the lower jaw (mandible). They connect specific points on the upper and lower teeth, often using small hooks, to apply a gentle, consistent force over time. This targeted pressure addresses malocclusions like overbites, underbites, and crossbites. Elastics are essential for fine-tuning to ensure the top and bottom teeth fit together harmoniously.
The Rule: Removing Rubber Bands for Meals
It is generally recommended to remove rubber bands before eating. Elastics are not designed to withstand the forceful pressure generated during the chewing of solid foods. Keeping the bands in place risks snapping them, which immediately stops the corrective force. Swallowing a small latex band is usually harmless, as the material is medical-grade, but it represents a loss of treatment time.
Removing the bands also makes the chewing process more comfortable and effective. The constant tension from the elastics can make biting and grinding food difficult, especially with tougher items. Furthermore, food particles can easily become trapped around the elastics, making the orthodontic appliance more difficult to clean. Therefore, the standard protocol involves removing the bands before consuming any meal that requires significant chewing.
Immediate Care After Eating
After removing the elastics for a meal, hygiene steps must occur before reattaching new bands. Thorough brushing and flossing are necessary to remove food debris lodged in the brackets, wires, and around the teeth. This cleaning routine prevents plaque buildup and potential tooth decay.
Once the mouth is clean, a fresh pair of elastics must be placed onto the designated hooks. The previous set of elastics loses its tensile strength from being stretched during removal or contact with food. Since an elastic band loses its effectiveness after only a few hours of wear, they must be replaced every time they are taken out. Using a new elastic ensures the delivery of the intended force to continue moving the teeth.
Why Consistent Wear is Non-Negotiable
Orthodontic movement relies on continuous, light force to stimulate bone remodeling. Consistent application of this force allows the bone surrounding the tooth roots to break down and rebuild, shifting the teeth into the new position. The required wearing time for elastics is 20 to 22 hours per day, meaning they should only be removed for eating and oral hygiene.
Inconsistent wear, such as leaving the elastics off for a few hours, allows the teeth to immediately begin to rebound toward their original, misaligned position. This back-and-forth movement negates progress and can cause soreness. Failing to adhere to the required wear time is the most common reason for a prolonged treatment duration, potentially adding months to the overall time spent in braces.