Meloxicam is a prescription medication categorized as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, or NSAID. It works by reducing certain hormones in the body that contribute to pain, fever, and inflammation. Healthcare providers commonly prescribe meloxicam to alleviate symptoms associated with various forms of arthritis, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
The Core Recommendation for Taking Meloxicam
It is generally advised to take meloxicam with food, milk, or an antacid. This minimizes potential irritation to the digestive system. Taking it with food provides a protective buffer for the stomach lining, which helps reduce common gastrointestinal side effects.
Why Stomach Protection is Crucial
NSAIDs like meloxicam can irritate the lining of the stomach and intestines. This occurs because they interfere with the body’s production of protective substances called prostaglandins. Prostaglandins maintain the stomach’s mucus lining, which acts as a barrier against stomach acid. When NSAIDs inhibit these, the stomach lining becomes more vulnerable to damage.
This vulnerability can lead to various gastrointestinal issues. Common side effects include indigestion, heartburn, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and gas. More severe problems can include gastritis, which is inflammation of the stomach lining, and the formation of stomach ulcers. In the most serious cases, these ulcers can lead to internal bleeding or even a perforation, a hole in the stomach or intestine, which can be life-threatening.
Best Practices for Taking Meloxicam
If a full meal is not feasible, a small snack or a glass of milk can also provide some protective effect. Following the dosage and frequency instructions provided by a healthcare professional is also important for safe administration. Taking more than the prescribed amount or taking it more often than directed can increase the risk of adverse effects.
It is also important to avoid consuming alcohol while taking meloxicam, as alcohol can significantly increase the risk of stomach bleeding and irritation. Combining meloxicam with other NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen or naproxen, should also be avoided unless specifically advised by a doctor, as this can heighten the risk of stomach problems. Additionally, meloxicam tablets should generally be swallowed whole and not crushed or chewed, unless the specific formulation is designed for that purpose.
What to Watch For
Even with proper administration, gastrointestinal problems can occur while taking meloxicam. Mild symptoms like indigestion, nausea, or stomach pain can occur. If these persist or worsen, it is advisable to contact a healthcare provider.
More serious symptoms require immediate medical attention. These include severe abdominal pain, black or tarry stools, or vomiting blood or material that resembles coffee grounds. These symptoms can indicate serious gastrointestinal bleeding or ulcers. Other concerning signs that warrant prompt medical evaluation include unexplained weight gain, swelling in the abdomen, ankles, feet, or legs, and yellowing of the skin or eyes.