Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHAs) are popular skincare ingredients, valued for their exfoliating properties and ability to improve skin texture. Many breastfeeding mothers consider using these products but are concerned about cosmetic ingredients transferring to breast milk.
Understanding AHAs
Alpha Hydroxy Acids are natural acids used in skincare. Common types include glycolic acid, from sugar cane, and lactic acid, found in milk. These ingredients gently exfoliate the skin’s outermost layer, promoting the shedding of dead skin cells. This refines skin texture, improves tone, and reduces the appearance of fine lines and hyperpigmentation.
AHAs work by weakening the bonds holding skin cells together, accelerating natural cell turnover. Glycolic acid, with its small molecular size, penetrates effectively for exfoliating and rejuvenating effects. Lactic acid, a milder AHA, also exfoliates and provides hydration. Their effectiveness depends on concentration, product pH, and duration of skin contact.
Safety Considerations for Breastfeeding
The primary concern regarding AHA use during breastfeeding is whether topically applied ingredients absorb significantly into the bloodstream and transfer into breast milk. Skin has the ability to absorb substances, allowing chemicals from skincare products to potentially enter the bloodstream and then pass into breast milk. The extent of transfer varies by ingredient, molecular weight, and amount applied.
For AHAs like glycolic acid and lactic acid, systemic absorption through topical application is generally considered minimal. Lactic acid, for instance, is unlikely to be absorbed in significant amounts to affect the baby when used in a 10% cream. Glycolic acid is also considered safe for use during breastfeeding, as it is unlikely to be appreciably absorbed or appear in breast milk. Some studies indicate total absorption of glycolic and lactic acid through the skin can range from approximately 27-30% in in vitro settings, with absorption greater at lower pH levels. Despite this, the consensus suggests that the small doses typically used in topical preparations make significant transfer into breast milk unlikely.
It is important to note that while topical application generally leads to minimal systemic absorption, caution is often advised, especially with higher concentrations or extensive use over large body areas. There is limited clinical data specifically on AHA use during breastfeeding. Lactic acid is considered very low risk and compatible with breastfeeding.
Safe Skincare Practices While Breastfeeding
Adopting safe practices can minimize potential risks when considering skincare products during breastfeeding. Perform a patch test before extensive application to check for irritation. Choose products with lower AHA concentrations, as higher levels increase sensitivity for the mother. Glycolic acid at concentrations not exceeding 10% in lotions and creams is often considered safe.
Mothers should avoid applying AHA-containing products to areas where the baby might come into direct contact with the skin or where the product could be ingested, such as the breasts or nipples. If product application near these areas is necessary, it is prudent to apply the product after feeding and allow it to absorb fully or rinse it off before the next feeding. For personalized advice and to address specific concerns, consulting a healthcare professional, such as a dermatologist or lactation consultant, is always beneficial.