Atrial Fibrillation (Afib) is an irregular, rapid heart rhythm where the heart’s upper chambers beat chaotically. While many individuals with Afib can fly, certain considerations are important for a safe journey.
Understanding Flying’s Impact on Afib
Air travel introduces several physiological factors that can influence individuals with Afib. Cabin pressure, maintained at an equivalent of 6,000 to 8,000 feet above sea level, results in lower oxygen levels. This reduced oxygen, known as hypoxia, makes the heart work harder, potentially increasing heart rate and blood pressure. This strain can trigger or worsen Afib symptoms.
Changes in cabin pressure can also cause body gases to expand, a concern for those who have recently undergone certain cardiac procedures. Prolonged immobility increases the risk of blood clot formation, a significant concern for Afib patients due to their elevated stroke risk. Low humidity in airplane cabins can contribute to dehydration, affecting heart rhythm. Travel-related stress and anxiety can also trigger Afib episodes.
Pre-Flight Medical Considerations
Before air travel, individuals with Afib should consult their doctor, especially for long flights or if their condition is not well-controlled. A healthcare provider can assess fitness for travel and recommend adjustments. Some airlines may require a doctor’s certificate stating fitness to fly.
Medication management is crucial. Carry an adequate supply of all necessary medications in your carry-on luggage to prevent issues with lost bags or refills. If traveling across time zones, discuss dosage adjustments with a doctor to maintain consistent timing.
Carry essential medical documentation, such as a doctor’s letter detailing your condition, medications, allergies, and contact information. For those with implanted devices like pacemakers or defibrillators, carrying the device identification card is essential, as metal detectors may interfere. Travel insurance covering pre-existing medical conditions is recommended for financial protection against unexpected medical events abroad.
Managing Your Condition During Travel
During the flight, stay well-hydrated by drinking plenty of water and avoiding excessive caffeine and alcohol, which can contribute to dehydration and trigger Afib episodes. Regular movement and stretching are important to reduce the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Walk around the cabin periodically or perform leg exercises in your seat to promote circulation.
Wearing compression stockings, if advised by a doctor, can help prevent blood clots in the legs. Manage stress and anxiety, such as by arriving at the airport early and allowing ample time for connections, to help prevent Afib episodes. If symptoms occur during the flight, know when and how to seek assistance from flight attendants.
Situations When Flying is Not Advised
Flying with Afib is generally not recommended in specific medical scenarios due to increased risks. Individuals with recent onset or unstable Afib, characterized by frequent episodes or uncontrolled heart rate, should avoid air travel until their condition is stable. Flying is also not advised shortly after a stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).
Recent cardiac procedures, such as ablation or cardioversion, often require a recovery period before flying. It is often recommended to wait one to two weeks after an ablation procedure. Experiencing significant symptoms like chest pain, severe shortness of breath, or dizziness suggests that flying should be postponed. Obtaining clearance from a healthcare provider is essential to determine safety for air travel.