Hemorrhoids are common, characterized by swollen veins located in the rectum or around the anus. They can cause discomfort and other symptoms, leading many individuals to notice small growths in the perianal area. This often raises questions about whether these growths are related to hemorrhoids or if they are skin tags. Understanding their nature clarifies their connection to hemorrhoids.
How Hemorrhoids Can Lead to Skin Tags
Hemorrhoids are cushions of tissue containing blood vessels that line the anal canal. When these blood vessels become enlarged or inflamed, they can cause symptoms. External hemorrhoids, located under the skin around the anus, can swell considerably, especially if a blood clot forms inside them, a condition known as a thrombosed external hemorrhoid. This significant swelling stretches the overlying skin.
As the blood clot dissolves and the swelling from the thrombosed hemorrhoid subsides, the stretched skin may not fully retract. This excess, loose skin remains as a small, soft fold, commonly referred to as a perianal skin tag. These are not typical dermatological skin tags, but rather a consequence of stretched skin not fully shrinking back. Factors like straining during bowel movements, chronic constipation, diarrhea, or pregnancy can contribute to the initial hemorrhoid swelling that may lead to these skin tags.
Telling the Difference Between Hemorrhoids and Skin Tags
Distinguishing between an active hemorrhoid and a perianal skin tag depends on their characteristics and symptoms. Active external hemorrhoids, particularly when thrombosed, are frequently painful and tender to the touch. They may appear as swollen, reddish, or purplish lumps that feel firm. In contrast, perianal skin tags are typically painless, soft, pliable, and often match the surrounding skin color.
Bleeding also differentiates them; hemorrhoids can cause bright red blood, especially after a bowel movement. Perianal skin tags rarely bleed unless irritated or injured. While internal hemorrhoids can sometimes protrude from the anus and may be pushed back inside, skin tags are external and do not retract. Other perianal conditions, such as anal fissures, warts, or abscesses, can also present as lumps or growths, making accurate identification important.
When to Seek Medical Advice
If you notice any new or concerning growths in the anal area, or experience persistent symptoms, consult a healthcare professional. Signs that warrant medical attention include persistent pain or discomfort, especially if it interferes with daily activities. Significant or recurring rectal bleeding should always be evaluated, as it can indicate various underlying conditions beyond hemorrhoids.
Changes in bowel habits, such as unexplained alterations in frequency or consistency, also warrant professional assessment. Signs of infection, such as fever, chills, pus-like discharge, or increasing redness and swelling around a perianal growth, require prompt medical attention. A healthcare provider can accurately diagnose the condition, distinguish between a benign skin tag and other, potentially more serious issues like inflammatory bowel disease or anal cancer, and recommend appropriate management.