Flossing and tooth sensitivity is a common concern for many people who experience discomfort while cleaning between their teeth. Tooth sensitivity, formally known as dentin hypersensitivity, is characterized by a sharp, temporary pain in response to various stimuli, such as hot, cold, or air exposure. While the belief that flossing causes this sharp discomfort is widespread, this article will clarify the true relationship between a proper flossing routine and the sensation of pain.
Flossing Does Not Cause Sensitivity
Proper flossing does not damage the teeth or gums, and therefore does not cause sensitivity. Flossing is an established and necessary part of maintaining good oral hygiene, primarily because it removes plaque and food debris from below the gumline and between teeth, areas a toothbrush cannot effectively reach. This action is essential for preventing the buildup of plaque, which can lead to periodontal disease and tooth decay.
When performed correctly, the gentle use of floss is safe and plays a significant role in protecting the gums from inflammation and recession. The pain experienced during flossing is almost always a sign of a pre-existing condition rather than a side effect of the cleaning process itself.
How Flossing Can Reveal Sensitivity
The discomfort felt during flossing frequently reveals or triggers an existing dental issue. Tooth sensitivity occurs when the underlying layer of the tooth, called dentin, becomes exposed due to enamel wear or gum recession. Dentin is filled with microscopic channels, known as dentinal tubules, that lead directly to the nerve-rich pulp inside the tooth.
When the protective gum tissue or enamel is lost, the fluid within these tubules can be easily agitated by external factors, including the physical contact of the floss. Flossing might also dislodge a temporary buildup of plaque that was acting as a slight insulator over an already exposed root surface. This sudden exposure stimulates the nerve, resulting in a sharp sensation of pain. The act of flossing is not the source of the problem, but rather the messenger alerting you to a compromised area.
Correcting Flossing Technique to Prevent Issues
Adjusting flossing technique is the most effective way to minimize gum irritation and avoid contributing to further gum recession. Use a piece of floss about 18 inches long, wrapping most of it around the middle fingers and leaving a small working section taut between the thumbs and index fingers. The floss should be guided gently between the teeth using a rocking motion, taking care never to snap it forcefully down onto the gums.
Once the floss reaches the gum line, curve it into a “C” shape against one tooth and gently slide it into the space between the gum and the tooth. This C-shape allows the floss to effectively clean the side of the tooth below the gumline without causing trauma. For individuals with existing sensitivity or limited dexterity, alternative tools like soft-tipped interdental brushes or water flossers can provide effective cleaning with reduced physical contact.
Other Reasons Teeth Become Sensitive
If sensitivity persists, the cause is often an issue entirely separate from the flossing routine. Aggressive toothbrushing is a common culprit, which can wear down enamel and lead to gum recession, exposing the sensitive dentin. Consuming highly acidic foods and beverages, such as citrus fruits or carbonated drinks, can also erode the enamel over time.
Other structural issues within the mouth can also manifest as sensitivity, including untreated cavities, cracked teeth, or worn-down fillings. Teeth grinding, or bruxism, wears away the protective enamel layer, which then exposes the dentin beneath. If the sensitivity is localized or sharp, consult a dental professional to diagnose the true underlying cause.