Dental braces are devices used in orthodontics to align and straighten teeth and correct bite issues. Tinnitus involves the perception of noise or ringing in the ears when no external sound is present. Both are common, leading some to question if a connection exists.
What is Tinnitus?
Tinnitus is the perception of sound within the ear or head without an external source. This sensation is not a disease but rather a symptom that can arise from various underlying conditions affecting the auditory system. While often described as a ringing, it can manifest as buzzing, hissing, roaring, clicking, whistling, or humming sounds. Its volume and persistence vary significantly, and it can be temporary, such as after loud noise exposure, or a chronic condition. Approximately 10% to 15% of the population experiences tinnitus at some point.
Exploring the Braces-Tinnitus Link
While no direct causal link between dental braces and tinnitus is established, indirect mechanisms may exist. Orthodontic treatment can alter bite or jaw alignment, potentially affecting the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are known to cause or worsen tinnitus due to the TMJ’s close proximity to the ear and shared nerve pathways. Misaligned bites can strain the TMJ, leading to muscle tension and inflammation that may affect nearby nerves, including those involved in hearing.
Changes in bite or jaw position, or general discomfort from braces, may increase tension in the jaw, head, and neck muscles. This muscular tension can contribute to somatosensory tinnitus, a type influenced by movements or pressure in these body regions. Research indicates the trigeminal nerve and dorsal cochlear nucleus in the brainstem play a role, as sensory inputs can affect auditory processing.
Orthodontic treatment can also be a source of stress or anxiety. Psychological stress is a recognized factor that can trigger or worsen tinnitus symptoms. Stress can make existing tinnitus more noticeable and may create a cycle where the tinnitus itself leads to increased anxiety. While braces do not directly cause tinnitus, these indirect associations show how orthodontic treatment might influence tinnitus symptoms in some cases.
Seeking Professional Guidance
If tinnitus symptoms emerge or worsen during orthodontic treatment, seeking professional guidance is advisable. First, discuss these concerns with your orthodontist, especially if you notice bite changes or jaw discomfort. Your orthodontist can assess if brace-related issues, such as bite adjustments or appliance fit, might be contributing factors.
Concurrently, consult a medical doctor, audiologist, or Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) specialist for a comprehensive evaluation. These professionals can conduct examinations and hearing tests to determine the underlying cause and rule out other health conditions. A proper diagnosis is important for effective management, especially if tinnitus is persistent, affects daily life, occurs in only one ear, or is accompanied by hearing changes or dizziness.