Clogged ears are a common and often uncomfortable symptom that can accompany various respiratory illnesses, including COVID-19. This sensation can range from mild fullness to more significant discomfort, sometimes affecting hearing. Understanding the connection between COVID-19 and clogged ears can help in managing this symptom.
The Link Between COVID-19 and Ear Congestion
Individuals with COVID-19 frequently report ear-related issues, such as a feeling of fullness or pressure in the ears. This can occur during the acute phase of the illness or persist as a symptom of “long COVID” after other symptoms have resolved. While not considered a primary symptom like fever or cough, ear congestion is a recognized associated condition. This ear congestion can be a direct result of the virus’s effects or the body’s generalized inflammatory response. The latest variants of COVID-19 tend to affect the upper respiratory tract more, which can increase the incidence of ear-related symptoms.
Mechanisms Behind COVID-Related Clogged Ears
COVID-19 can lead to clogged ears primarily through inflammation and congestion in the upper respiratory system. The Eustachian tubes, which connect the middle ear to the back of the nose and throat, are particularly susceptible. These tubes are responsible for equalizing pressure within the middle ear and draining fluids. When the virus causes inflammation in the nasal passages and nasopharynx, the Eustachian tubes can become swollen and blocked. This blockage prevents proper air pressure equalization, leading to a sensation of fullness, pressure, or muffled hearing.
The presence of inflammation can also contribute to fluid buildup in the middle ear, a condition known as serous otitis media. Nasal congestion and sinusitis, common with COVID-19, further contribute to ear blockage. In some cases, the virus itself may directly affect ear structures, as certain cells in the inner ear have receptors that the virus can utilize.
Managing Clogged Ears from COVID-19
Several strategies can help manage clogged ears associated with COVID-19. Inhaling steam from a hot shower or a bowl of hot water can help loosen mucus and relieve congestion. Applying a warm, damp washcloth over the affected ear can also soothe discomfort.
Gentle movements that encourage the Eustachian tubes to open include swallowing, yawning, or chewing sugar-free gum, which can help equalize ear pressure. The Valsalva maneuver, performed by gently blowing air out while pinching the nostrils closed and keeping the mouth shut, can also help pop the ears and relieve pressure.
Over-the-counter nasal decongestants or saline nasal sprays can reduce nasal congestion, which may improve Eustachian tube function. These medications should be used as directed and typically for only a few days to avoid potential side effects.
When to Seek Professional Medical Advice
While clogged ears from COVID-19 often improve as the infection resolves, there are instances when medical attention is advisable. If ear symptoms persist for an extended period, such as several weeks after other COVID symptoms have cleared, a healthcare professional should be consulted. Seek medical advice if you experience severe ear pain, fluid discharge, or sudden changes in hearing. Dizziness or balance issues accompanying clogged ears also warrant professional evaluation. These symptoms could indicate a secondary ear infection or other underlying conditions that require specific diagnosis and treatment.