Hair loss following a COVID-19 infection is a common concern. This phenomenon is a recognized consequence of the illness. While hair thinning can be alarming, it is typically temporary.
Understanding the Connection
COVID-19 can lead to hair loss, most often Telogen Effluvium (TE). This condition involves temporary, diffuse shedding when many hair follicles prematurely enter their resting phase. It differs from other forms of hair loss, like genetic pattern baldness, as it doesn’t permanently damage hair follicles.
Normally, hair follicles cycle through growth, resting, and shedding phases. In Telogen Effluvium, a stressor disrupts this cycle, causing more hairs to enter the resting (telogen) phase simultaneously. Shedding typically becomes apparent two to three months after the initial COVID-19 infection or other triggering event. This delay means individuals may not immediately connect their hair loss to a past illness, as shedding often begins after acute symptom recovery.
The Science Behind Hair Loss
The body’s response to COVID-19 can trigger Telogen Effluvium through several mechanisms. High fevers, a common COVID-19 symptom, can physically shock hair follicles. This shock can prematurely push many growing hair follicles into the resting phase, leading to increased shedding.
Beyond fever, the body’s overall stress response to illness plays a role. When fighting infection, the body prioritizes essential functions, diverting resources from non-essential processes like hair growth. Systemic inflammation from the virus also contributes, as pro-inflammatory cytokines can disrupt the normal hair growth cycle. Severe illness may also lead to temporary nutritional deficiencies, impacting hair health and shedding.
Steps for Recovery
For most individuals, patience is key to recovery from post-COVID hair loss. Telogen Effluvium is generally temporary, with hair growth typically resuming within six to nine months after the triggering event. While waiting for natural regrowth, gentle hair care practices can minimize further stress on the hair. These include:
Washing hair gently.
Avoiding harsh chemical treatments.
Limiting excessive heat styling.
Refraining from tight hairstyles that pull on the scalp.
A balanced diet, rich in essential vitamins and minerals, supports overall hair health during recovery. Nutrients like iron, zinc, and biotin are important for healthy hair growth. While supplements might be considered, discuss them with a healthcare provider to determine specific needs and ensure safety. Managing stress through techniques like exercise or meditation can also be beneficial, as stress can worsen hair shedding.
Consult a doctor if hair loss is severe, persists beyond nine months, or is accompanied by other symptoms like scalp irritation or bald patches. A healthcare professional can rule out other potential causes and provide personalized guidance or recommend specific treatments.