Cataracts, a common age-related eye condition, generally do not cause a sensation of burning in the eyes. A cataract occurs when the natural lens of the eye, which is typically clear, becomes cloudy. This clouding interferes with light passing through the lens to the retina, affecting vision. While cataracts themselves are usually painless, a burning sensation in the eyes points to other underlying issues.
Understanding Cataracts and Their Symptoms
Cataracts develop as proteins within the eye’s lens break down and clump together, forming opaque areas. This process progresses slowly, and in early stages, changes may not be noticed. As the cataract grows, light transmission is altered, leading to noticeable symptoms.
Common symptoms include blurred or dim vision, making activities like reading or driving challenging. Sensitivity to light and glare, halos or streaks around bright lights (especially at night), are common. Colors may appear faded or yellowish. Difficulty with night vision or double vision in one eye can also occur. Cataracts do not cause redness, itching, or burning.
Common Causes of Burning Eyes
Burning eyes, even with cataracts, often indicate a separate eye condition. Dry eye syndrome is a common cause, occurring when eyes do not produce enough lubricating tears or tears evaporate too quickly. Symptoms include stinging, scratchiness, redness, and a foreign body sensation. Environmental factors like smoke, dust, pollution, or extreme air conditions can also irritate eyes and cause burning.
Allergies are another frequent cause; exposure to allergens like pollen or pet dander triggers histamines, leading to burning and itching. Eye strain from prolonged screen use or close tasks can also cause burning or discomfort. Blepharitis, an inflammation of the eyelids, can cause burning, redness, and crusting along the lash line. Conjunctivitis (pink eye), an inflammation of the conjunctiva, can result from bacterial, viral, or allergic reactions, causing burning, redness, and discharge.
When to Seek Professional Eye Care
If you experience persistent or worsening burning eyes, consult an eye care professional, such as an optometrist or ophthalmologist. This is especially true if the burning sensation is accompanied by other concerning symptoms. These additional signs can include pain, significant redness, unusual discharge, or noticeable changes in vision like increased blurriness or light sensitivity.
A sudden onset of severe symptoms or a burning sensation that does not improve with over-the-counter remedies warrants prompt medical attention. Regular eye check-ups are also recommended for individuals diagnosed with cataracts to monitor their progression and address any co-occurring eye conditions. Early diagnosis of the cause of burning eyes allows for appropriate treatment and can help prevent further discomfort or potential complications.