Bobcats, scientifically known as Lynx rufus, are medium-sized wild cats native to North America, ranging from southern Canada through most of the contiguous United States to Mexico. These felines typically weigh between 15 to 35 pounds and stand about 18 to 24 inches tall at the shoulder. They are characterized by their reddish-brown to grayish-brown fur, often marked with black spots and streaks, distinctive tufted ears, and a short, “bobbed” tail, which gives them their name. Bobcats are solitary animals, primarily active during dawn and dusk, and inhabit diverse environments including forests, deserts, mountains, and swamps.
Likelihood of Fatal Bobcat Encounters
Bobcat attacks on humans are exceedingly rare, and fatal incidents are virtually unheard of. Bobcats generally prefer to avoid human contact, possessing an innate fear of humans and typically fleeing if they sense human presence. Their primary diet consists of small animals such as rabbits, rodents, and birds.
While documented bobcat attacks are isolated and infrequent, reported incidents remain in the single digits annually in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state wildlife agencies classify bobcats as a low-risk species for human attacks based on historical data.
Reasons for Bobcat Aggression
Bobcat aggression towards humans typically occurs under specific, unusual circumstances, not unprovoked predatory behavior. A common reason for aggression is rabies infection, which alters an animal’s neurological behavior, causing disorientation, lethargy, hypersalivation, or unprovoked aggression and a loss of natural fear. Several reported attacks have involved rabid animals.
A bobcat may also act defensively if it feels threatened, cornered, or unable to escape. Provocation, such as approaching its den or attempting to handle the animal, can significantly increase the risk of a defensive response. Mother bobcats, while generally shy, may act defensively if they perceive a direct threat to their young. In extremely rare instances, very small children or pets might be mistaken for prey, especially if the bobcat is starving or habituated to human presence due to artificial feeding.
Minimizing Risk During Encounters
If you encounter a bobcat, maintain a calm demeanor. Avoid approaching the animal and keep a safe distance. Slowly back away while keeping your eyes on the bobcat; running might trigger its natural hunting instincts.
To deter a bobcat that appears aggressive or does not retreat, make yourself appear larger by raising your arms or opening your jacket. Making loud noises, such as shouting, clapping your hands, or using a whistle, can persuade the bobcat to leave. If you are with small children or pets, bring them indoors or keep them close and under control.
Report any bobcat exhibiting unusual or aggressive behavior, especially signs of illness, to local animal control or wildlife authorities. This helps officials monitor wildlife populations and address potential threats.