Apricot seeds have long been associated with claims of curing cancer. This article explores the scientific understanding behind these assertions, the compounds involved, the risks, and why such beliefs persist.
The Apricot Seed Claim
Apricot seeds contain amygdalin, a cyanogenic glycoside. When ingested, it can be broken down by enzymes in the body, releasing cyanide. A modified, synthetic form of amygdalin, known as laetrile, was developed and promoted as an alternative cancer treatment, often marketed as “Vitamin B17.” Proponents suggested that cancer cells were uniquely susceptible to the cyanide released from these compounds, fueling the promotion of apricot seeds and laetrile as a natural or alternative therapy for cancer.
What the Science Says
Extensive scientific research and numerous clinical trials have investigated the claims that amygdalin or laetrile can treat or prevent cancer. Major health organizations globally have reviewed the available data and concluded that these substances are ineffective against cancer. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States, along with the American Cancer Society (ACS), have all stated that laetrile and amygdalin lack anti-cancer activity. Regulatory bodies have not approved them for cancer treatment due to the absence of demonstrated benefit and concerns about their safety. Despite persistent claims, the scientific and medical consensus remains that apricot seeds and their derivatives are not effective cancer therapies.
Understanding the Dangers
Consuming apricot seeds carries significant health risks due to the release of cyanide in the body. Amygdalin, when metabolized, produces hydrogen cyanide, a potent poison. The amount of amygdalin can vary considerably, making it difficult to predict the exact dose of cyanide a person might receive. Symptoms of cyanide poisoning can range from mild (nausea, vomiting, headaches, dizziness) to severe (rapid heart rate, confusion, difficulty breathing, and a drop in blood pressure). In severe cases, cyanide poisoning can lead to coma, respiratory failure, and death.
Why These Beliefs Persist
Belief in apricot seeds as a cancer cure persists despite scientific evidence. Anecdotal stories and personal testimonies often play a powerful role, offering hope to individuals desperate for a cure when conventional treatments seem insufficient or have failed. These narratives can spread quickly through word-of-mouth and online platforms. A distrust of conventional medicine and pharmaceutical companies also contributes to the appeal of “natural” or alternative remedies. Many individuals seek simple solutions or perceive natural products as inherently safer or more effective. The widespread dissemination of misinformation, particularly through the internet and social media, further reinforces these unproven claims.