An umbilical hernia typically does not cause acid reflux. These are distinct conditions affecting different parts of the body with unique mechanisms.
Understanding Umbilical Hernias
An umbilical hernia occurs when a portion of an organ, often part of the intestine, pushes through a weak spot in the abdominal wall near the navel. This creates a soft bulge visible or felt over the umbilicus. While common in infants, where the umbilical cord opening does not fully close, umbilical hernias can also develop in adults due to increased abdominal pressure or weakened muscles. Factors like obesity, multiple pregnancies, or fluid buildup in the abdomen can contribute to their formation.
Understanding Acid Reflux
Acid reflux, also known as gastroesophageal reflux (GER), happens when stomach contents, including acid, flow back up into the esophagus. This backflow occurs due to a malfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), a circular muscle at the bottom of the esophagus that normally closes after food passes into the stomach. Common symptoms include heartburn, a burning sensation in the chest, regurgitation of sour liquid or food, and a sour taste in the mouth. If acid reflux is chronic and causes bothersome symptoms or complications, it is referred to as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Why Umbilical Hernias Don’t Cause Acid Reflux
Umbilical hernias and acid reflux involve different anatomical locations and physiological processes. An umbilical hernia is a defect in the abdominal wall near the navel, far from the esophagus and the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). The protrusion of tissue at the navel does not directly affect LES function or create a pathway for stomach acid to travel up the esophagus. Therefore, an umbilical hernia does not directly cause or contribute to acid reflux symptoms.
The Hiatal Hernia Connection to Acid Reflux
In contrast to umbilical hernias, a hiatal hernia can directly contribute to acid reflux. A hiatal hernia occurs when the upper part of the stomach pushes up through a small opening in the diaphragm, called the hiatus, and into the chest cavity. The diaphragm separates the abdomen from the chest and normally helps keep the stomach in place.
This opening may become enlarged, allowing the stomach to bulge into the chest. This displacement can weaken the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) or interfere with its ability to close properly, allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus. Hiatal hernias are a common cause of GERD, and many individuals with GERD also have one. Symptoms often overlap with acid reflux, including heartburn, regurgitation, and difficulty swallowing.
Common Causes of Acid Reflux and When to Seek Help
While umbilical hernias do not cause acid reflux, many other factors can contribute. Dietary choices, such as fatty, spicy, or acidic foods, coffee, or alcohol, can trigger symptoms. Being overweight or obese, pregnancy, smoking, and certain medications, including some anti-inflammatory painkillers, can also increase the risk. Stress and anxiety may also play a role.
If acid reflux symptoms occur frequently (more than twice a week), are severe, or do not improve with lifestyle changes or over-the-counter medications, consult a healthcare professional. Other concerning symptoms warranting medical attention include difficulty swallowing, unexplained weight loss, persistent nausea or vomiting, or chest pain. A doctor can diagnose the cause and recommend appropriate treatment.