A Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan is a medical imaging technique that creates detailed pictures of the inside of your body. It uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves, rather than ionizing radiation like X-rays. The powerful magnetic field aligns the hydrogen protons in your body’s tissues, and then radiofrequency pulses briefly knock these protons out of alignment. As the protons return to their original state, they emit signals that the MRI scanner detects, which a computer then processes into images.
How MRI Affects Teeth
While rare, it is possible to experience dental discomfort during an MRI. The strong magnetic fields and radiofrequency pulses used in an MRI can interact with metallic dental materials, such as fillings, crowns, braces, or implants. This interaction can lead to several potential mechanisms for discomfort.
One mechanism involves the generation of eddy currents within metallic dental materials. These currents can cause the metal to heat up, potentially increasing the temperature in surrounding oral tissues. A significant temperature rise could affect the tissues around the tooth. Another possibility is the stimulation of nerves by the rapidly switching magnetic fields, which some individuals might perceive as tingling, a metallic taste, or even pain.
Pre-existing dental conditions can also play a role. If you have a cavity, a cracked tooth, or inflamed dental pulp, the slight pressure changes or jaw positioning required during the scan might exacerbate these issues. While significant pain or damage is uncommon, discomfort is possible.
Preparing for an MRI with Dental Work
Taking proactive steps before your MRI appointment can help minimize potential dental discomfort. It is important to inform both the MRI technologist and your referring doctor about any dental restorations, implants, or orthodontic appliances you have. This information allows the medical team to assess any potential risks associated with your specific dental materials and, if necessary, adjust scan parameters or take precautions.
Some metal-containing objects can cause heating or movement within the magnetic field, and certain implanted electronic devices could malfunction. This history helps ensure your safety and image quality. If you have any existing dental issues, such as a known cavity or a sensitive tooth, discussing these with your dentist before the MRI may also be beneficial. A pre-scan dental check-up can help address any underlying problems that might be aggravated during the procedure.
What to Do if You Experience Dental Discomfort
If you experience dental pain or discomfort during an MRI, it is important to communicate this immediately to the MRI technologist. Most MRI scanners are equipped with an intercom system for two-way communication, and you will be given a call button to alert them to any issues. The scan can be paused or stopped if necessary to address your discomfort.
For any dental discomfort experienced after the MRI, you should contact your dentist or doctor for evaluation. Persistent pain should not be ignored, as it could indicate an underlying issue that requires professional attention. Your healthcare provider can assess the situation and recommend appropriate steps to alleviate the discomfort.