Warts, common non-cancerous skin growths, can indeed bleed. These small, fleshy bumps often appear on various parts of the body, including the hands and feet. They develop when certain strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV) infect the top layer of the skin, causing an overgrowth of cells. While generally harmless, they can cause discomfort or concern, especially if they bleed.
Understanding Why Warts Bleed
Warts are composed of abnormally grown skin cells, nourished by a network of tiny blood vessels called capillaries. These capillaries extend close to the surface of the wart, supplying them with blood. Unlike normal skin, a wart’s structure makes these superficial blood vessels fragile and susceptible to injury.
Warts’ raised, rough texture makes them prone to trauma. Actions like shaving, picking, or friction from clothing and shoes can easily rupture these delicate capillaries. Plantar warts, which grow on the soles of the feet, can be subject to constant pressure and rubbing, increasing their likelihood of bleeding. The black dots sometimes visible within a wart are actually clotted blood vessels, indicating their vascular nature.
Immediate Steps When a Wart Bleeds
If a wart begins to bleed, it is often due to minor injury and can be managed with basic first aid. The immediate step is to apply gentle, direct pressure to the bleeding area using a clean cloth or tissue. Maintaining steady pressure for several minutes, without frequently checking, helps the blood to clot and stop the flow.
Once the bleeding has stopped, clean the area with mild soap and water to prevent infection. After cleaning, carefully pat the area dry. Covering the wart with a sterile bandage can then provide protection from further irritation and help keep the wound clean. Avoid picking or scratching the wart, and keep the area dry to promote healing and reduce further bleeding or infection.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While most instances of a bleeding wart are not serious, certain signs indicate medical attention is needed. You should consult a healthcare professional if the bleeding is persistent or heavy and does not stop with direct pressure. Additionally, watch for signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, warmth, significant pain, or the presence of pus around the wart.
Seek advice if the wart changes in appearance (rapid growth, irregular borders, or color changes), as this might suggest it is not a typical wart. If uncertain about the diagnosis, or if the wart is in a sensitive area like the face or genitals, seek professional evaluation. Also consult a doctor if the wart causes significant discomfort or interferes with daily activities.