A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection in any part of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are common, with bacteria, particularly E. coli, being the most frequent cause. While UTIs often affect the lower urinary tract, the infection can sometimes spread, raising the question of whether they can cause pain in the upper abdomen.
Typical UTI Symptoms
Uncomplicated UTIs, primarily affecting the bladder and urethra, commonly present with distinct symptoms. Individuals often experience pain or a burning sensation during urination (dysuria), along with a frequent and urgent need to urinate, even if only small amounts are passed. Other indicators include a feeling of incomplete bladder emptying or pressure in the lower pelvic area. The urine might appear cloudy or have a strong, unusual odor.
When a UTI Affects the Upper Abdomen
While a routine UTI typically causes discomfort in the lower urinary tract, upper abdominal pain can signal a more serious progression. This occurs when bacteria ascend from the bladder to one or both kidneys, leading to a kidney infection, also known as pyelonephritis. Bacteria, most commonly E. coli, can travel upwards through the ureters to reach the kidneys.
A kidney infection can manifest with symptoms beyond the lower abdomen, including fever, chills, nausea, and vomiting. A distinguishing symptom is severe pain in the flank or back, often just below the ribs, which can sometimes be perceived as originating in the upper abdomen due to referred pain pathways. This pain can range from mild to intense.
Other Reasons for Upper Abdominal Pain
Upper abdominal pain is a common symptom that can stem from various sources unrelated to urinary tract infections. Digestive conditions like indigestion or acid reflux (GERD) are frequent culprits, as are issues with organs such as the gallbladder (e.g., gallstones) or inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis). Muscle strains in the abdominal wall can lead to localized pain. Less common but serious causes include certain heart or lung conditions that refer pain to the upper abdomen, or intestinal obstructions. Proper medical evaluation is important to determine the exact origin of upper abdominal pain.
When to Seek Medical Attention
Seek medical attention if upper abdominal pain develops, especially if accompanied by other symptoms. If you suspect a UTI and experience high fever, chills, nausea, or vomiting, this could indicate a kidney infection. Severe or worsening pain in the back or flank, or any blood in the urine, also require medical evaluation. Delaying treatment for a kidney infection can lead to serious complications, including permanent kidney damage or the spread of infection into the bloodstream. Always consult a healthcare provider for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.