A sinus infection can contribute to dehydration. Recognizing the signs of dehydration helps manage health during a sinus infection.
How Sinus Infections Cause Dehydration
A common accompanying symptom is fever, which elevates the body’s metabolic rate and increases fluid loss through sweating. This heightened perspiration depletes the body’s water reserves.
The discomfort associated with a sinus infection, such as nasal congestion, a sore throat, or general malaise, can reduce a person’s desire or ability to drink enough fluids. Swallowing might be painful, or feeling unwell can reduce hydration. This decreased fluid intake contributes to fluid imbalance.
The body also produces excess mucus during a sinus infection as part of its immune response. This increased mucus production uses up bodily fluids. Dehydration can cause this mucus to become thicker and harder to expel, worsening congestion and pressure.
Certain medications used to treat sinus infection symptoms play a role. Decongestants can have a drying effect, while some antihistamines may cause dry mouth, exacerbating fluid loss. When nasal passages are blocked, individuals often resort to breathing through their mouth, leading to increased moisture evaporation and fluid depletion.
Signs of Dehydration
Common indicators include increased thirst and a dry or sticky mouth. Infrequent urination or urine that appears dark yellow.
Beyond these, dehydration can manifest as fatigue or lethargy. Some individuals might experience dizziness or lightheadedness. Other signs include dry skin or reduced skin elasticity, along with a headache.
Staying Hydrated During a Sinus Infection
Increase fluid intake by regularly drinking water, clear broths, and herbal teas. Electrolyte-rich drinks, such as oral rehydration solutions, are beneficial for replenishing lost salts and minerals.
Limit or avoid beverages known to promote fluid loss. Drinks containing caffeine or alcohol can act as diuretics, leading to increased urination. Incorporating foods with high water content into your diet contributes to hydration. Fruits like watermelon, cantaloupe, and oranges, along with many vegetables, are excellent sources of fluid.
Using a humidifier in your living space, especially in the bedroom, helps. This adds moisture to the air, which can moisten nasal passages and help thin mucus, reducing fluid loss from mouth breathing. Rather than consuming large amounts of fluid at once, sipping small, frequent amounts throughout the day helps the body absorb fluids more effectively.
When to Consult a Doctor
While many sinus infections resolve with self-care and hydration, medical attention is sometimes necessary. If you experience severe dehydration symptoms, such as persistent dizziness, confusion, extreme lethargy, or an inability to keep fluids down, seek medical help promptly. These symptoms can indicate a more serious fluid imbalance.
Consult a doctor if your sinus infection symptoms worsen after initial improvement, or if they do not improve after 7 to 10 days. Other concerning signs include a high fever, over 102°F (39°C), severe facial pain, or changes in vision or swelling around the eyes. Individuals with underlying health conditions, such as diabetes or kidney disease, should consult a healthcare provider sooner if they suspect dehydration or a severe infection.