Circumcision involves the surgical removal of the foreskin from the penis. While often performed in infancy, men can undergo this procedure at any point in their lives. The decision for adult circumcision can stem from personal, medical, or cultural considerations.
Can Adults Get Circumcised?
Adult men can undergo circumcision at any age. It is a common and safe surgical procedure. The process for adults is generally similar to that for infants, though it may involve a longer recovery period due to the nature of adult tissue healing. Many individuals who were not circumcised at birth choose to have the procedure as adults for a variety of reasons.
Reasons for Adult Circumcision
Adult men consider circumcision for various reasons. Medical conditions often prompt the decision, such as phimosis, where the foreskin is too tight to retract, or recurrent balanitis, an inflammation of the glans and foreskin. Paraphimosis, a condition where the retracted foreskin cannot be returned to its normal position, is another common medical indication. These issues can lead to pain, infection, or urinary problems if left unaddressed.
Some men also opt for circumcision to improve hygiene. Removing the foreskin can simplify cleaning the penis and reduce the accumulation of smegma, a substance composed of dead skin cells and oils that can build up under the foreskin. This can lead to a reduced risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) by eliminating a potential breeding ground for bacteria.
Research also suggests that circumcision may offer a reduced risk of acquiring certain sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and human papillomavirus (HPV). The foreskin’s structure can be prone to micro-tears during sexual activity, potentially creating entry points for pathogens. While not offering complete protection, removing the foreskin can contribute to a lower risk of infection.
Personal preference also plays a role in the decision for adult circumcision. Some men choose the procedure for aesthetic reasons, seeking a different appearance for their penis, or for comfort. Cultural or religious conversions, or a desire to align with family traditions, can be significant factors for men who were not circumcised in infancy.
The Adult Circumcision Procedure
The process of adult circumcision typically begins with an initial consultation with a urologist or general surgeon. During this appointment, the surgeon assesses the individual’s suitability for the procedure, discusses the specific reasons for circumcision, and reviews potential outcomes and considerations. This consultation helps set realistic expectations and addresses any concerns before the surgery.
The procedure is most often performed as an outpatient surgery, meaning the individual can usually go home the same day. Anesthesia options for adult circumcision commonly include local anesthesia, where only the penis area is numbed while the patient remains awake. In some cases, local anesthesia may be combined with sedation, or general anesthesia may be used, rendering the patient unconscious. The choice of anesthesia often depends on patient preference and the surgeon’s recommendation.
During the surgery, which typically takes between 30 to 60 minutes, the surgeon removes the foreskin. Different techniques can be employed, such as the dorsal slit or sleeve method, with the choice often depending on the individual’s anatomy and the surgeon’s preference. After the foreskin is removed, dissolvable stitches are used to approximate the remaining skin edges, which will naturally disappear over several weeks. A dressing or bandage is then applied to the surgical site to protect it and aid in initial healing.
Recovery and Post-Procedure Care
After adult circumcision, individuals are typically monitored in a recovery area before being discharged, usually on the same day. It is common to experience some swelling, bruising, and mild discomfort around the penis for the first few days to a week. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, are generally sufficient to manage this discomfort. Prescription pain medication may also be provided if needed.
Wound care is important for proper healing and involves keeping the area clean and dry. Patients are usually advised to avoid bathing for the first 24 to 48 hours, with showering typically allowed after this period. A light dressing may be present, which should be removed as instructed by the medical team, often within 24 hours. Some surgeons may recommend applying petroleum jelly to prevent sticking and aid comfort.
The initial healing phase generally takes about two to three weeks, with dissolvable stitches disappearing within this timeframe. Full recovery, including the resumption of all normal activities, typically takes between four to six weeks. Strenuous activities, heavy lifting, and sexual activity should be avoided for at least two to six weeks to allow the wound to heal completely and prevent complications.
Individuals may be advised to wear supportive, snug-fitting underwear to help reduce swelling and provide comfort. It is important to monitor the surgical site for any signs of complications, such as excessive bleeding, increasing pain that is not relieved by medication, spreading redness, warmth, pus-like discharge, or fever. Difficulty urinating is another sign that warrants immediate medical attention. Follow-up appointments with the surgeon are typically scheduled within a few weeks to ensure proper healing and address any concerns.