A lipoma is a common, non-cancerous growth of fatty tissue that develops just beneath the skin. These benign lumps typically feel soft, rubbery, and are easily movable. While they can appear anywhere on the body, they are most frequently found on the trunk, neck, arms, and shoulders. Lipomas generally grow slowly, are usually painless, and often present no health concerns.
Dermatologist’s Role in Lipoma Management
Dermatologists are often equipped to manage and remove many lipomas, particularly those that are smaller and located superficially under the skin. Their expertise in skin and subcutaneous tissues makes them suitable for addressing such growths. The decision for removal depends on the lump’s characteristics, including its size, location, and depth. Lipomas under 5 centimeters in diameter and easily accessible are often within a dermatologist’s scope of practice.
However, a dermatologist may determine that another specialist, such as a general surgeon, is more appropriate for removal. This usually occurs if the lipoma is very large (over 5-6 centimeters), deeply seated within muscle tissue, or near vital structures. A dermatologist might also refer a patient if the lump exhibits atypical characteristics, such as rapid growth, pain, or an unusual texture, suggesting a need for further diagnostic investigation. Referral ensures complex cases or those requiring extensive dissection are handled by a specialist with the necessary surgical expertise.
The Lipoma Removal Process
When a dermatologist performs a lipoma removal, surgical excision is the most common approach. This outpatient procedure typically begins with a local anesthetic around the lipoma, numbing the area for patient comfort. Once numb, the dermatologist makes a small incision directly over the lipoma. This incision is carefully planned to minimize scarring.
Following the incision, the dermatologist meticulously separates the lipoma from surrounding tissues. Since lipomas are usually encapsulated, they can often be gently teased out. After the lipoma is fully removed, the incision is closed using sutures, which may be dissolvable or require removal at a later appointment. Post-procedure care instructions typically include keeping the wound clean and dry, avoiding strenuous activities, and monitoring for any signs of infection.
Key Considerations Before Removal
Before proceeding with lipoma removal, a thorough diagnostic process confirms the lump is a benign lipoma. A healthcare provider will physically examine the lump, assessing its size, consistency, and mobility. If uncertainty or atypical features exist, imaging studies such as an ultrasound, MRI, or CT scan may be recommended for a clearer view of the growth and its surrounding structures.
Lipoma removal is often an elective procedure, not always medically necessary unless causing symptoms. Patients typically consider removal due to cosmetic concerns, discomfort, or if the lipoma presses on nerves or other structures, causing pain or functional impairment. Patients should discuss potential risks, including scarring, infection, bruising, or nerve damage, along with the expected benefits. While rare, lipomas can sometimes recur in the same area after removal.