D.C.s are musculoskeletal specialists trained to diagnose and treat disorders of the joints, muscles, and nerves throughout the entire body. Their approach involves identifying the mechanical source of the pain and using non-invasive techniques to restore function. This care focuses on addressing the underlying physical imbalances that contribute to arm discomfort, providing a drug-free pathway toward recovery.
Primary Musculoskeletal Causes of Elbow Pain
Most elbow pain treated by chiropractors results from overuse injuries affecting the tendons. The two most common conditions are lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) and medial epicondylitis (golfer’s elbow). Lateral epicondylitis causes pain on the outer side due to repetitive strain on the wrist extensor muscles. Medial epicondylitis affects the inner side, stemming from repetitive wrist flexion and gripping motions that stress the flexor tendons.
Other causes include nerve entrapment syndromes, such as cubital tunnel syndrome, where the ulnar nerve is compressed as it passes the elbow joint. This compression can lead to numbness and tingling that radiates down into the ring and pinky fingers. Pain may also be referred from joint restrictions or irritated nerves in the shoulder or cervical spine (neck).
How a Chiropractor Diagnoses Elbow Issues
The diagnostic process begins with a detailed patient history to understand the pain’s onset, duration, and aggravating factors, such as specific work or sports activities. The chiropractor performs a physical examination, including observation, palpation, and range of motion testing of the elbow, wrist, and shoulder. This full kinetic chain assessment identifies joint restrictions or muscle imbalances that contribute to the strain.
To confirm the diagnosis, the chiropractor uses specific orthopedic tests that provoke the symptoms. For example, Mill’s test or Cozen’s test assess for lateral epicondylitis by resisting wrist extension, which strains the affected tendons. A similar test is used for medial epicondylitis by resisting wrist flexion. These tests, combined with neurological assessments, help the D.C. determine the exact tissue involved and formulate a targeted treatment plan.
Hands-On Treatment and Rehabilitation Techniques
Chiropractic care for elbow pain involves a multi-faceted approach combining joint work, soft tissue therapy, and rehabilitation exercises. Joint mobilization and adjustments may be applied not just to the elbow, but also to the wrist or restricted joints in the shoulder or neck. These gentle manipulations restore proper mechanical movement and reduce the stress placed on the inflamed tendons.
Soft tissue therapy is a core component, targeting the muscles and tendons of the forearm that attach at the elbow. Techniques like Active Release Technique (ART) or Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (IASTM), such as the Graston technique, are used to break down scar tissue and myofascial adhesions. These methods involve applying deep pressure or using specialized tools while the patient moves the limb, which helps increase circulation and promote tendon healing.
Following hands-on therapy, the focus shifts to rehabilitation and home care to provide long-term relief and prevent recurrence. The chiropractor prescribes specific stretching and strengthening exercises for the forearm muscles, often starting with gentle isometric contractions and progressing to resistance training. Patients also receive ergonomic advice related to their work or sport, such as adjusting computer mouse positions or modifying grip techniques. This comprehensive strategy ensures the functional capacity of the entire arm is improved.
Recognizing When Chiropractic Care Is Not Appropriate
While chiropractic care is effective for mechanical elbow pain, certain “red flag” symptoms require immediate medical attention. These indicators suggest a more serious underlying issue outside the scope of chiropractic treatment. An acute injury resulting in a snapping sound, severe pain, and an inability to move the arm suggests a potential fracture or severe ligament tear.
Signs of infection (fever, redness, warmth, or discharge) must be evaluated urgently to rule out conditions like septic arthritis. Rapidly worsening pain or persistent neurological symptoms (weakness, numbness, or tingling extending into the hand) also warrant a medical referral. Chiropractors screen for these signs and promptly refer patients to the appropriate specialist.