A noticeable mound of tissue at the base of the neck, often called a “neck hump,” is common. Medically known as dorsocervical kyphosis, this condition is increasingly prevalent due to long hours spent looking down at screens, a habit commonly termed “tech neck.” While forward head posture is a primary driver, the prominence can sometimes signal other medical issues. Understanding the difference between a common postural issue and a medically relevant condition is the first step toward effective treatment, including the supportive role a chiropractor can play.
Understanding the Neck Hump
The “neck hump” refers to a visible rounding at the junction of the neck and upper back. Most cases are classified as postural kyphosis, involving an exaggerated forward curve of the upper thoracic spine. This spinal misalignment forces the head forward, creating a stress point at the C7 vertebra. This stress point can be accompanied by a buildup of soft tissue and fluid.
It is important to distinguish this common postural issue from a true “buffalo hump,” or dorsocervical fat pad hypertrophy. This latter condition is a distinct deposit of fatty tissue not primarily caused by spinal curvature. A true fat pad is often a symptom of an underlying systemic medical issue, such as Cushing’s syndrome or a side effect of certain medications. This article focuses on the more common postural type, which responds well to mechanical correction.
Chiropractic Methods for Correction
Chiropractors address the postural neck hump by restoring the natural alignment of the cervical and thoracic spine. A primary method involves spinal manipulation and adjustments, which are controlled forces applied to misaligned vertebrae. The goal is to improve the mobility of stiff joints in the upper back and neck, reducing the mechanical stress contributing to the forward-leaning posture.
Adjustments are often targeted at the thoracic spine, as rigidity there limits the ability to stand upright and contributes to the forward head position. Treatment also incorporates soft tissue therapies to address strained muscles. Techniques like myofascial release or trigger point therapy relax the hypertonic upper trapezius and levator scapulae muscles, which tighten from supporting the forward-shifted head. Combining joint mobilization with muscle relaxation helps reduce the structural prominence of the hump.
Addressing Underlying Postural Drivers
Long-term correction requires addressing the habits that caused the misalignment. Chiropractors provide specific guidance on ergonomic adjustments necessary to maintain spinal improvements achieved during in-office treatment. This includes adjusting workstation setups so the top of the computer monitor is level with the eyes, preventing the tendency to look downward.
Ergonomic Modifications
Phone use also requires modification; instead of flexing the neck forward, the device should be lifted closer to eye level.
Targeted Exercises
Targeted exercises are a fundamental component of home care, aiming to strengthen weakened postural muscles. Specific movements, such as chin tucks, are prescribed to strengthen the deep neck flexors responsible for pulling the head back over the shoulders. Scapular retraction exercises, like squeezing the shoulder blades, strengthen the mid-back musculature to hold the shoulders back and down. Consistent performance builds the muscle memory necessary to counteract forward head posture.
Chiropractors may also advise on proper sleep habits. They recommend sleeping on the back with a supportive pillow that maintains the neck’s neutral curve.
When to See a Medical Doctor
While a chiropractor can effectively manage a postural neck hump, certain signs indicate the need for immediate medical evaluation. If the hump appears to be a soft, rapidly growing fat deposit rather than a firm, bony prominence, it may signal an underlying medical disorder. A true “buffalo hump” can be a symptom of conditions like Cushing’s syndrome, which involves an excess of the hormone cortisol.
Symptoms necessitating a referral include unexplained, rapid weight gain, easy bruising, or the appearance of wide, purple stretch marks on the torso. Other systemic signs, such as new-onset fatigue, muscle weakness in the limbs, or changes in the menstrual cycle, also suggest a medical cause. A medical professional can perform tests to determine if the hump is related to a hormonal imbalance or other condition requiring non-chiropractic treatment.