A broken tooth describes damage from a minor chip to a significant fracture extending into deeper structures. This damage can result from trauma, biting hard objects, or severe tooth decay. Many wonder if a fractured tooth can simply be “glued” back into place. This article explores options for repairing a broken tooth and the actions to take after such an injury.
Reattaching Tooth Fragments
When a tooth breaks cleanly, especially along the biting edge or surface, a dental professional can sometimes reattach it. This procedure is most successful with a distinct, retrievable fragment that fits precisely back into its original position. Dentists use specialized dental bonding agents, typically a resin composite material, which forms a strong, durable bond with the natural tooth structure.
The process begins with meticulously cleaning both the tooth and the fragment. The dentist then prepares the tooth surface by applying a mild acid, which creates microscopic pores to enhance bond strength. A liquid bonding agent is then applied to both surfaces. The tooth fragment is carefully positioned and held in place while a high-intensity light cures the bonding agent, solidifying the reattachment. This method helps preserve the tooth’s natural structure and often provides an excellent aesthetic outcome.
Alternative Dental Treatments
Reattaching a tooth fragment is not always feasible, especially if it’s lost, too small, or if the tooth has extensive damage like a deep fracture or a crack below the gum line. In these instances, dentists have various treatments to restore the tooth’s function and appearance. For minor chips or small fractures, a dental filling made from composite resin can effectively repair the area, matching the natural tooth color.
For significant but localized damage, dental veneers offer a solution. These are custom-made, thin shells bonded to the front surface of the tooth, improving aesthetics and protecting the underlying structure. For more extensive breaks, a dental crown becomes necessary. A crown is a tooth-shaped cap that completely covers the damaged tooth, restoring its shape, size, strength, and appearance. If a tooth is fractured beyond repair, extraction may be the only option, often followed by replacement solutions like a dental implant or a dental bridge.
What to Do After a Tooth Break
Immediately after a tooth break, seek prompt professional dental care to assess the damage and determine the best course of action. If a tooth fragment is available, carefully collect it and store it in milk, saliva, or saline solution to keep it moist until you reach the dentist. Avoid water for storage, as it can cause the fragment’s cells to swell and burst, making reattachment less successful.
Gently rinse your mouth with warm water to clean the area and remove any loose debris. Apply a cold compress to the outside of your cheek near the affected area to help reduce swelling and alleviate pain. Avoid chewing on the injured side of your mouth and consume soft foods to prevent further damage. Attempting to “glue” a tooth back together at home with household adhesives is dangerous and ineffective, as these products are not biocompatible and can introduce harmful chemicals or bacteria, leading to infection or further damage.