Propolis is a resinous substance gathered by bees from various plant sources, used to seal and protect their hives. Among the many varieties, Brazilian green propolis is a unique type originating exclusively from Brazil.
The Source and Its Distinctiveness
Brazilian green propolis comes from honeybees collecting resin from the Baccharis dracunculifolia plant, also known as “Alecrim do Campo.” This plant is native to the Brazilian cerrado, a vast tropical savanna. Its specific source gives Brazilian green propolis its characteristic deep green color.
The Baccharis dracunculifolia plant contributes to its unique chemical makeup, including a high concentration of phenolic compounds. Artepillin C is a key bioactive compound, abundant in Brazilian green propolis and rarely found elsewhere. Its presence is considered a marker of high-quality Brazilian green propolis and contributes to its distinct pungent taste.
Investigated Health Benefits
Brazilian green propolis offers several health-promoting properties. Its antioxidant properties help protect cells from oxidative stress caused by free radicals. This effect is attributed to its rich content of flavonoids and phenolic acids like Artepillin C, which neutralize harmful molecules and support cellular integrity.
It also demonstrates anti-inflammatory effects, modulating the body’s inflammatory responses. It can inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines while increasing anti-inflammatory ones, balancing inflammation.
Brazilian green propolis supports the immune system, helping to regulate and balance it. This contributes to the body’s ability to resist external aggressions and support natural defenses. It also shows antimicrobial properties against bacteria and fungi, and benefits wound and ulcer healing. Research explores its neuroprotective and antitumor capacities.
Comparing Propolis Varieties
Propolis varies widely in color, texture, and chemical composition based on geographical region and plant sources. Different types, like red, brown, yellow, or black propolis, are found globally, each with distinct botanical origins. For example, red propolis from Brazilian coastal areas derives its color from the Dalbergia ecastophyllum plant.
Brazilian green propolis stands out due to its origin from the Baccharis dracunculifolia plant, unique to Brazil. This botanical source gives it a distinct chemical profile, particularly its high Artepillin C concentration. While other propolis types share general properties like antioxidant activity, the specific compounds in Brazilian green propolis make it one of the most studied and sought-after varieties globally.