The borage plant, Borago officinalis, is a distinctive annual herb recognized by its vibrant, star-shaped blue flowers and its characteristic hairy or bristly leaves and stems. Often referred to as “starflower,” its blooms typically feature five narrow, triangular-pointed petals, most commonly in a striking blue hue, although pink or white varieties can also be found. This plant has a long history of human interaction, gaining a reputation for its significant symbolic value across various cultures and historical periods. Its unique appearance and resilient nature have contributed to its enduring presence in gardens and folklore.
Primary Symbolic Meanings
Borage is widely associated with courage, a symbolism that has persisted through centuries, often stemming from its historical use to bolster morale and inspire fortitude. The plant also embodies cheerfulness and joy, with its bright blue flowers frequently linked to uplifting spirits. It has been traditionally believed to dispel sadness, promoting a sense of inner peace and happiness. Furthermore, borage offers a symbolism of comfort and renewal, its prolific blooming nature suggesting continuous optimism even in challenging conditions. Its vibrant color, reminiscent of the sky, is often seen as a symbol of hope and optimism.
Historical and Cultural Interpretations
Ancient Greeks, including Dioscorides and Pliny the Elder, noted its use for soothing nerves and believed it imparted courage, leading to warriors drinking borage-infused wine before battle. The Roman scholar Pliny even suggested borage might be the fabled “Nepenthe” from Homer’s Odyssey, a substance that brought forgetfulness of sorrow when added to wine. This belief contributed to its association with cheerfulness and the dispelling of woes.
During medieval times, borage held a prestigious place, often referred to as the “herb of happiness” in texts. Knights frequently wore sprigs of borage into battle or had its flowers embroidered on scarves, believing it would instill courage and bravery. The saying “Ego borago, gaudia semper ago” (“I, borage, always bring joy”) reflects its widespread reputation for comforting the heart and driving away sorrow. Arab traders also introduced borage to medieval Spain, where it was known as “the vegetable of the queen,” highlighting its esteemed status across cultures.
Borage in Folklore and Contemporary Symbolism
Folklore surrounding borage often reinforces its core symbolic meanings. An old English adage, “Sow Borage, sow courage,” directly links the act of planting the herb to cultivating bravery. In traditional beliefs, borage was sometimes slipped into drinks to encourage confidence, particularly in matters of the heart. Its presence in gardens was also considered a charm against negativity, symbolizing protection and encouragement.
In contemporary understanding, borage maintains its association with uplifting qualities. It is chosen by gardeners for its cheerful aesthetic and its perceived aura of well-being. The plant’s nickname, “Starflower,” connects its appearance to celestial themes, representing hope and guidance. While its bristly texture sometimes led to interpretations of “bluntness” in Victorian flower language, its primary symbolic resonance today remains tied to courage, joy, and resilience.