A hysterectomy involves the surgical removal of the uterus. This procedure commonly leads to some vaginal bleeding or discharge as part of the body’s natural healing process. Understanding the difference between typical post-operative bleeding and signs of a potential complication is important for effective recovery and knowing when to seek medical guidance.
Expected Post-Operative Discharge and Bleeding
After a hysterectomy, light vaginal bleeding or discharge is a normal part of recovery, often lasting several days to a few weeks. This discharge typically appears light pink, brown, or watery, and should gradually decrease in intensity. It is generally light enough to be managed with a panty liner and should not saturate sanitary pads quickly. This expected bleeding occurs as internal stitches dissolve and surgical tissues heal.
The duration and characteristics of this discharge can vary depending on the specific type of hysterectomy performed. For example, light vaginal bleeding and discharge are typical for up to six weeks following a total laparoscopic hysterectomy. While some individuals may experience little or no bleeding immediately after the operation, a sudden rush of fluid or old blood might occur around 10 days later, which should subside quickly. Throughout this healing period, using sanitary pads is recommended over tampons to minimize infection risk.
Signs of Concerning Bleeding and When to Seek Medical Attention
While some bleeding is expected after a hysterectomy, certain signs indicate that medical attention is needed. Heavy, bright red bleeding that saturates more than one sanitary pad per hour for several consecutive hours is a significant concern. The passage of large blood clots, especially those larger than a quarter, also warrants immediate medical evaluation. These types of bleeding could suggest complications such as hemorrhage or a vaginal cuff tear, where the surgical site at the top of the vagina separates.
Other warning signs include severe abdominal pain that increases rather than improves, or pain that does not subside with medication. A foul-smelling vaginal discharge, particularly if yellow or green, can indicate an infection at the surgical site or within the vaginal cuff. Fever (over 100.4°F or 38°C), chills, dizziness, lightheadedness, or feeling faint also necessitate prompt medical assessment.
If heavy bright red bleeding or large clots occur, contact the surgeon’s office or go to the emergency room immediately. For less severe but persistent symptoms, such as a low-grade fever with unusual discharge or mild but increasing pain, contact the doctor’s office during business hours. Promptly addressing these signs can help identify and manage potential complications such as infection, hematoma (a collection of blood), or vaginal cuff dehiscence.