Bisacodyl suppositories are an over-the-counter medication used for temporary relief from occasional constipation. Designed for rectal administration, they are known for their quick action in promoting bowel movements.
Understanding Bisacodyl Suppositories
Bisacodyl suppositories belong to a category of medications known as stimulant laxatives. They work directly on the colon, the large intestine, to encourage a bowel movement. The active ingredient, bisacodyl, is converted into an active metabolite called bis-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-pyridyl-2-methane (BHPM) within the intestinal tract.
This active form stimulates the nerve endings in the colon’s lining, leading to increased muscle contractions, a process known as peristalsis. These enhanced contractions help move stool through the intestines more effectively. Additionally, bisacodyl promotes the accumulation of water and electrolytes in the intestinal lumen, which softens the stool and makes it easier to pass. The action is localized within the large bowel, minimizing effects on the small intestine.
How to Use Bisacodyl Suppositories
Before use, unwrap the suppository from its foil packaging. If the suppository feels too soft, harden it by holding it under cold water for a minute or two, or by placing it in the refrigerator for a short period.
To insert, lie on your side with one knee pulled up towards your chest. Gently insert the pointed end of the suppository into the rectum using a finger, pushing it in far enough so it does not slip out. Retain the suppository for about 15 to 60 minutes to allow it to dissolve and begin working. A bowel movement occurs within 15 to 60 minutes after insertion.
For adults and children 12 years and older, the dosage is one 10 mg suppository, used once daily. Children aged 6 to 11 years may use one-half of a 10 mg suppository (5 mg) once daily, but consult a healthcare provider for children under 12. Always follow the specific instructions provided on the medication’s packaging.
Important Considerations and Warnings
Bisacodyl suppositories are well-tolerated for occasional use, but side effects can occur. Common side effects include stomach discomfort, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea. Rectal burning or mild proctitis due to local irritation may also occur. If these symptoms are persistent or distressing, consult a healthcare professional.
Use bisacodyl suppositories only for short-term relief, not exceeding one week, unless directed by a doctor. Prolonged or excessive use can lead to laxative dependence, where the body becomes reliant on the medication for regular bowel movements. This can result in fluid and electrolyte imbalances, such as low potassium levels (hypokalemia), and damage to the bowel.
Consult a doctor before using bisacodyl suppositories if you have stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, or a sudden change in bowel habits that lasts more than two weeks. Discontinue use and seek medical attention if you experience rectal bleeding, severe abdominal pain, or if no bowel movement occurs after using the suppository. These could be signs of a more serious underlying condition.