Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, often shortened to B. lactis, is a beneficial probiotic bacteria. These microorganisms reside naturally within the human intestines, contributing positively to overall well-being. By supporting the balance of gut flora, B. lactis plays a role in maintaining digestive comfort and influencing the body’s natural defenses.
What is B. Lactis?
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis is a specific subspecies of Bifidobacterium animalis, a bacterium frequently found in the large intestines of many mammals, including humans. Unlike some other Bifidobacterium species, B. lactis exhibits greater tolerance to oxygen, acidic conditions, and elevated temperatures, making it suitable for use in various food products and supplements.
Certain strains of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis have been extensively researched and are often included in commercial products. For instance, BB-12® is one of the most thoroughly documented probiotic strains, with over 300 scientific publications, including more than 130 human clinical studies. Another well-studied strain is HN019, known for its ability to survive the digestive tract’s low pH and bile acids.
Key Health Benefits
B. lactis contributes to various aspects of health by influencing the gut environment and immune system. It produces lactic and acetic acids, which help to create an acidic environment in the gut that can inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria. This action helps maintain a balanced gut microbiota, which is associated with overall health.
B. lactis supports digestive regularity and comfort. Strains like HN019 can reduce intestinal transit time and increase bowel movement frequency for those with functional constipation. BB-12® has also improved bowel function and alleviated irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms. It can also help protect against diarrhea, including antibiotic-associated diarrhea.
Beyond digestive support, B. lactis modulates the immune system. It can enhance the body’s resistance to common respiratory infections. This bacterium interacts with host immune cells, contributing to immune activation and influencing anti-inflammatory responses. B. lactis also supports the integrity of the intestinal barrier, preventing harmful substances from entering the body while allowing nutrient absorption.
Where to Find B. Lactis
B. lactis is available through various dietary sources and supplements, making it accessible for incorporation into daily routines. It is commonly found in certain fermented dairy products, such as some yogurts and kefir, particularly those that specifically list Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis on their labels.
Dietary supplements are another common way to obtain B. lactis. These supplements often contain specific, well-researched strains like BB-12® or HN019. B. lactis is also frequently included in infant formulas to support the development of a healthy gut microbiome. Some functional foods may also be fortified with B. lactis to offer additional health benefits.
Important Safety Information
B. lactis is considered safe for most healthy individuals. When consumed orally, side effects are rare and typically mild, such as temporary gas or bloating. It has been safely used alone and in combination with other probiotics for periods up to one month.
Certain populations should exercise caution. Individuals who are immunocompromised or have severe underlying health conditions should consult a healthcare professional before taking B. lactis supplements. While current research suggests that probiotics, including B. lactis, are unlikely to pose safety concerns for pregnant or nursing individuals, reliable information is still limited, so medical advice is recommended for these groups. Taking B. lactis at least two hours before or after antibiotics is also advisable, as antibiotics can reduce the effects of the probiotic.