Traveling while pregnant often brings up concerns about safety when navigating airport security checkpoints. Many expectant mothers worry that screening technology could pose a risk to their developing child. Understanding the differences between the devices used can help alleviate this anxiety and provide a clear perspective on the safety of airport screening equipment.
Differentiating Airport Screening Technologies
Airport security primarily uses two types of passenger screening devices. The first is the Walk-Through Metal Detector (magnetometer), which uses a low-frequency electromagnetic field (EMF). When a metallic object passes through this field, the machine detects the disruption and signals an alarm. The second is the Advanced Imaging Technology (AIT) scanner, which uses non-ionizing radio frequency energy, often millimeter wave technology.
Safety Assessment of Walk-Through Metal Detectors
Walk-through metal detectors are considered safe for pregnant individuals because they rely on extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields. The exposure experienced while passing through the arch is minimal and transient, lasting only a few seconds. The field strength is significantly lower than exposure limit guidelines set by international regulatory bodies. The electromagnetic field levels are comparable to, or even less than, the fields generated by many common household appliances. Medical consensus confirms that this negligible exposure poses no measurable fetal hazard or increased risk.
Safety Assessment of Advanced Imaging Technology Scanners
Advanced Imaging Technology (AIT) scanners are often the source of concern regarding radiation exposure. The current standard technology in U.S. airports is the millimeter wave scanner, which uses non-ionizing radio frequency energy. This energy is reflected off the skin and clothing to create an image, meaning it does not penetrate the body or fetal tissue. The exposure from a single scan is comparable to the natural background electromagnetic energy present daily. Unlike ionizing radiation, this energy cannot break chemical bonds or cause cellular damage.
Official Recommendations and Traveler Choices
The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) officially states that all screening equipment is safe for pregnant travelers. This stance is supported by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and major medical groups. The consensus confirms that exposure levels from these devices are well below levels that would cause biological harm. Travelers always retain the right to request an alternative screening procedure, such as a physical pat-down search. Travelers should inform the TSA officer that they are pregnant and would like to request this alternative method.