Yes, weasels are found in Arkansas. The species most commonly associated with the state is the Long-tailed Weasel. While they are present throughout the state, they are considered uncommon and can be difficult to observe due to their secretive nature.
Weasel Species Found in Arkansas
The Long-tailed Weasel, scientifically known as Neogale frenata (formerly Mustela frenata), is the primary weasel species inhabiting Arkansas. This animal has a long, slender body, a small head with long whiskers, short legs, and a long neck. Their fur is typically brown on the upper parts of their body, with white to yellowish fur on their undersides. A distinguishing feature of the Long-tailed Weasel is its tail, which is approximately half the length of its head and body and always has a black tip.
Long-tailed Weasels range in size, with males generally larger than females. In northern parts of their range, their coat may turn white in winter, but in Arkansas, they generally retain their brown fur year-round.
Where Weasels Live and How They Behave
Long-tailed Weasels in Arkansas can be found throughout the state, favoring wooded or rocky areas. They also inhabit open woodlands, brushy areas, and agricultural lands, including crop fields. These adaptable animals often make their dens in hollow logs, rock piles, or abandoned buildings like barns. They may also utilize the abandoned burrows of other small mammals for shelter.
Weasels are primarily solitary animals, except during the breeding season. Their home ranges can be extensive, with male territories potentially overlapping those of several females, but not other males. Long-tailed Weasels are carnivores with a high metabolism, requiring them to eat a significant portion of their body weight daily. Their diet mainly consists of small mammals like mice, voles, and rabbits, but they will also consume insects, worms, snakes, frogs, and birds. While often nocturnal, they can be active during the day.
Identifying Weasels and Their Population Status
Identifying Long-tailed Weasels in the wild involves observing their unique physical characteristics. A key identifier is their black-tipped tail, which is relatively long compared to their body, distinguishing them from similar animals like mink. They are quick, agile, and alert, moving with a bounding gait.
The population status of Long-tailed Weasels in Arkansas indicates they are widespread but considered uncommon or rare. This elusiveness makes them difficult to detect, even with extensive surveying efforts. The species is listed as a Species of Greatest Conservation Need in Arkansas, although hunting and trapping seasons remain open. While they are generally classified as a species of “Least Concern” globally, their status can vary by state, and localized populations may be vulnerable. Their populations may fluctuate with the availability of their prey.