It is common for people to wonder about the presence of tarantulas in Massachusetts, given their often intimidating appearance. These large, hairy spiders frequently spark curiosity and sometimes concern. This article clarifies whether tarantulas are native to Massachusetts and identifies other large spiders often mistaken for them.
Native Tarantulas in Massachusetts: The Verdict
There are no tarantula species native to Massachusetts. Tarantulas, belonging to the family Theraphosidae, primarily inhabit warm climates like deserts, rainforests, and savannas. In the United States, native tarantula populations are predominantly found in arid Southwest regions, including Texas, California, Nevada, and Arizona. These arachnids construct burrows to shield themselves from extreme temperatures. Massachusetts’ cooler, temperate climate does not provide the necessary environmental conditions for tarantulas to establish self-sustaining wild populations.
Common Misidentifications: Native Spiders Often Confused with Tarantulas
Despite the absence of native tarantulas, Massachusetts is home to several large spider species often mistaken for them due to their size or hairy appearance. Two common examples are Wolf Spiders and Fishing Spiders. These native arachnids can cause alarm, but they are generally harmless to humans.
Wolf Spiders, members of the family Lycosidae, are robust, agile hunters with excellent eyesight. They are often large, with females reaching up to 2 inches, and have a hairy, gray-brownish body, sometimes with a light brown stripe. These spiders do not build webs to catch prey; instead, they actively hunt on the ground, often seeking shelter under rocks, wood, or leaf litter. They are common in residential yards and may enter homes, particularly in the fall, but their bites are rare and not dangerous.
Fishing Spiders, belonging to the genus Dolomedes, are among the largest spiders found in Massachusetts. Females can have a body length of over an inch, with a leg span exceeding three inches, making them appear quite formidable. These spiders are found near water bodies like lakes, ponds, and streams, but some species may also inhabit wooded areas and occasionally venture into homes. Fishing spiders are known for their ability to walk on water and even submerge themselves to hunt small fish and aquatic insects. While their size can be startling, their venom is not considered medically significant to humans.
Non-Native Tarantulas: Escaped Pets
Any tarantula encountered in Massachusetts is almost certainly an escaped or released pet. Tarantulas have become popular exotic pets, with various species available for purchase in the state. These non-native individuals are unlikely to survive long-term in the local climate, as it does not match their natural warm and often arid habitats. If a tarantula is found, do not panic or attempt to handle it, as even pet tarantulas can bite if they feel threatened. Instead, contact local animal control or a reputable animal rescue organization for guidance on safe capture and relocation.