Skunks are often recognized by their distinctive black and white markings and their potent defensive spray, leading many to wonder about their presence in various regions. For residents and visitors of the Pacific Northwest, specifically Washington State, questions frequently arise regarding the local skunk population and their habits. This exploration will delve into the specifics of skunks within Washington’s diverse landscapes.
Presence of Skunks
Skunks are present throughout Washington State. They are a common sight across the lowlands and can be found in various environments, including wooded areas and suburban settings. Their adaptability allows them to thrive in close proximity to human activity.
Skunk Species in Washington
Two species of skunks inhabit Washington State: the Striped Skunk (Mephitis mephitis) and the Western Spotted Skunk (Spilogale gracilis). The Striped Skunk is the more commonly encountered of the two, resembling the size of a domestic cat, ranging from 20 to 30 inches long, including its tail, and weighing between 6 and 12 pounds. Its fur is jet black with two prominent white stripes running down its back, often forming a V-shape towards the tail.
The Western Spotted Skunk is smaller and more slender, measuring 14 to 18 inches long, including its tail, and weighing around 1 to 2 pounds. Its black or grayish-black fur is marked by broken white stripes and spots on its shoulders, sides, forehead, cheeks, and rump. While both species are nocturnal, the Western Spotted Skunk is known for a more elaborate defensive display, which involves hand-standing before spraying, unlike the Striped Skunk’s direct approach.
Where Skunks Reside
Skunks in Washington State occupy a wide array of habitats. Striped Skunks are widely distributed across the state’s lowlands, preferring open fields, agricultural areas, and wooded habitats. They are also often found in suburban and urban locations, particularly near water sources. These skunks often establish dens under buildings, porches, or concrete slabs, and also use rock piles or hollow logs.
Western Spotted Skunks are found throughout western and southeastern Washington. While they share similar habitat preferences with Striped Skunks, they are more often associated with forests and woodlands. These smaller skunks make temporary dens in rock crevices, fallen logs, or even attics and haylofts, and are known for their climbing abilities. Both species are found from sea level up to higher elevations in the Olympic and Cascade Mountains.
Coexisting with Skunks
Living near skunks requires understanding their habits and taking preventive measures to avoid unwanted interactions. Skunks are attracted to residential properties by accessible food and shelter. Securing trash cans with tight-fitting lids and avoiding leaving pet food outdoors are steps to deter them.
Clearing away brush, woodpiles, and debris eliminates potential den sites, while sealing entry points under decks, porches, or sheds prevents skunks from denning. If a skunk is suspected to be denning, cover the entrance with loose dirt. If undisturbed for a few nights, the den is likely empty, allowing for permanent sealing.
Motion-activated lights also discourage these nocturnal animals, as they avoid bright illumination. Maintaining a well-groomed yard by mowing and trimming overgrown vegetation reduces its appeal as skunk habitat. Skunks are generally mild-tempered, but maintaining distance and avoiding startling them is important, as their defensive spray can reach up to 16 feet.