Yes, sharks inhabit the waters off Washington State. While often associated with warmer climates, a variety of shark species can be found in the cooler, nutrient-rich waters of the Pacific Northwest. These marine predators are natural inhabitants of the diverse ecosystem, playing a role in maintaining the balance of the food chain.
Types of Sharks in Washington Waters
Washington’s marine environment is home to several shark species, each with unique characteristics. One notable resident is the Bluntnose Sixgill Shark (Hexanchus griseus), which can reach lengths of up to 20 feet and weigh over 1,000 pounds. These large sharks typically inhabit depths between 300 and 6,000 feet, preying on fish, crabs, shrimp, seals, and other sharks. Juvenile sixgills are commonly observed in Puget Sound, while larger adults generally remain off the coast.
The Salmon Shark (Lamna ditropis) is another species occasionally seen off Washington’s west coast. These sharks, which can grow up to 10 feet long and weigh around 210 pounds, are sometimes mistaken for Great White Sharks due to their similar appearance. Salmon sharks primarily consume salmon, spiny dogfish, and squid.
The Spiny Dogfish (Squalus acanthias) is the most abundant shark species in Washington’s marine areas, reaching up to four and a half feet long and weighing about 20 pounds. These sharks, known for their longevity and one of the longest gestation periods among organisms, feed on small fish and invertebrates.
Transient species, such as the Great White Shark (Carcharodon carcharias), also occasionally approach Washington’s coastal waters. These apex predators can grow up to 16 feet and primarily consume seals, dolphins, and porpoises. Encounters with these sharks are rare, and only two recorded shark attacks in Washington State history are attributed to Great Whites. Common Thresher Sharks (Alopias vulpinus), recognized by their long, scythe-like tails used to stun prey, are also found here. Most of these shark species are not considered a threat to humans.
Where Sharks Live Off Washington’s Coast
Sharks in Washington State inhabit various marine environments, from the open ocean to the deeper recesses of Puget Sound. The open ocean off the western coast serves as a habitat for species like the Blue Shark (Prionace glauca), which can grow up to 13 feet long and are fast swimmers. These oceanic waters are also frequented by Basking Sharks (Cetorhinus maximus), the second-largest living shark species, which filter-feed on plankton.
Deeper waters, particularly within Puget Sound, provide suitable conditions for species such as the Bluntnose Sixgill Shark and Broadnose Sevengill Shark (Notorynchus cepedianus). These depths offer cooler temperatures and access to a variety of prey. Coastal areas and regions near nutrient-rich upwellings attract sharks because these areas concentrate food sources, drawing in fish and other marine life that sharks prey upon.
Interacting Safely with Washington’s Sharks
Encounters between humans and sharks in Washington’s waters are infrequent. Most shark species found here are naturally shy and tend to avoid human presence, with only two unprovoked shark attacks recorded in the state since 1837.
For marine recreationists such as swimmers, divers, and kayakers, respectful conduct is advised. Avoid swimming at dawn or dusk when some shark species are more active. If a shark is sighted, maintain a calm demeanor and slowly retreat from the area without sudden movements. These guidelines ensure human safety and marine ecosystem well-being.