Scorpions are present in Washington State, though not as widespread as in more arid southwestern states. They inhabit specific regions, and understanding their behaviors and preferred environments can help with safe interaction.
Scorpion Species in Washington
The most commonly found scorpion species in Washington State is the Northern Scorpion (Paruroctonus boreus). This small arachnid typically measures 1 to 2 inches (30-50 mm) in length, including its tail. Its coloration ranges from pale brown to yellowish, sometimes with a lighter-colored tail. The Northern Scorpion possesses a mild venom, often compared to a bee or hornet sting. While its sting can cause localized pain, swelling, numbness, or tingling, it is not considered life-threatening to humans, though allergic reactions are possible. Another species, the Pacific Forest Scorpion (Uroctonus mordax), is also found, primarily in forested areas west of the Cascades, favoring more moisture.
Where Scorpions are Found in Washington
Scorpions in Washington State are predominantly found in the eastern, more arid parts of the state, east of the Cascade Mountains. This includes regions with dry, rocky, or sandy soils, often in sagebrush and shrub-steppe environments.
They commonly seek shelter during the day under rocks, logs, woodpiles, and other debris. These nocturnal creatures emerge at night to hunt for insects and other small arthropods. While less common, scorpions can occasionally find their way into human dwellings, particularly in rural or semi-rural areas that border their natural habitats. They may enter homes through small cracks or gaps in foundations and around windows and doors, seeking shelter or moisture.
Encountering Scorpions Safely
If you encounter a scorpion, it is best to observe it from a distance and avoid direct contact. Scorpions sting only when they feel threatened or are accidentally disturbed.
If a Sting Occurs
If a sting occurs, clean the affected area with soap and water. Applying a cool compress or ice pack can help reduce pain and swelling. Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen can also alleviate discomfort. While most scorpion stings in Washington are mild, contact a local poison control center for guidance, especially if the sting involves a child or an elderly individual. Seek medical attention if severe symptoms develop, such as difficulty breathing, muscle twitching, or widespread numbness.
Prevention at Home
To help prevent scorpions from entering your home, seal cracks and gaps in foundations and around entry points. Keeping outdoor areas free of debris like woodpiles, rocks, and leaf litter can also reduce potential hiding spots.