Yes, scorpions are present in Salt Lake City, Utah, and throughout the state. While often associated with hotter, more arid desert regions, these arachnids have adapted to a wide range of environmental conditions, including those found in and around the Salt Lake Valley. Their presence is a natural aspect of the local ecosystem.
Understanding Scorpion Presence
Utah is home to several scorpion species, with the Northern Scorpion (Paruroctonus boreus) being the most common and widespread. These are relatively small scorpions, reaching about 5 cm (2 inches) in length. They are identifiable by their somewhat rounded pincers and slender tails, and their coloration is tan with a dark-brown, striped dorsal side. While other species like the Arizona Bark Scorpion (Centruroides exilicauda) are known for more potent venom, they are primarily found in the extreme southern parts of Utah, such as Kane County, and are not established in the Salt Lake City area.
The venom of the Northern Scorpion is considered low on the toxicity scale for humans. A sting from this species is compared to a hornet or bee sting, causing localized pain and numbness that usually subsides within a few hours. Most scorpion stings in Utah are not life-threatening for healthy adults, though individual reactions can vary. Scorpions are not aggressive by nature and will only sting if they feel threatened or are accidentally provoked, such as being stepped on or trapped.
Common Habitats and Activity
Scorpions are nocturnal, most active at night when they hunt for prey. During daylight hours, they seek refuge in cool, dark, secluded spots to avoid heat. Common outdoor habitats include underneath rocks, logs, woodpiles, landscaping timbers, and other debris. They can also be found burrowed in soil or seeking shelter in cracks and crevices.
Scorpions become more active during the warmer months, from May through September in Utah. As temperatures rise, they may seek shelter indoors, making human homes a potential refuge. They can enter structures through very small openings, such as cracks in foundations, gaps under doors, or unsealed windows. Once inside, they hide in dark, undisturbed areas like closets, shoes, basements, garages, or attics.
Safety and Prevention
Preventing scorpions from entering homes involves several proactive measures:
- Seal potential entry points, including caulking cracks and crevices in exterior walls and foundations, and ensuring windows and doors have tight-fitting screens and weather stripping.
- Install door sweeps that make firm contact with the floor.
- Reduce outdoor clutter like woodpiles, rocks, and debris near the home.
- Keep grass mowed short and trim shrubs away from the house.
- Minimize outdoor lighting, as bright lights attract the insects scorpions prey upon.
If a scorpion is encountered, avoid direct contact and use tools for removal or relocation. Scorpions found indoors can be carefully swept into a container and released outside, away from the residence.
If stung, symptoms include immediate localized pain, numbness, and swelling at the sting site. Applying ice to the affected area can help reduce pain and swelling. Most stings are not medically severe, but medical attention should be sought if severe reactions occur, such as difficulty breathing, widespread swelling, muscle twitching, or if the sting involves young children, the elderly, or individuals with known allergies. Calling the Poison Control Center (1-800-222-1222) is recommended for advice and guidance after any scorpion sting.