While encountering a scorpion in New York State might seem unlikely, it is a common question. True scorpions are not native to New York, primarily due to the region’s cold climate. The harsh winters are generally unsuitable for these cold-blooded arachnids, which thrive in warmer, often arid environments. This limits their ability to establish self-sustaining populations within the state.
Scorpions Found in New York
A creature often mistaken for a scorpion, known as a pseudoscorpion, is quite common throughout the state. These tiny arachnids, typically ranging from 2 to 8 millimeters in length, possess prominent pincer-like pedipalps that resemble a scorpion’s claws. Pseudoscorpions lack the characteristic tail and venomous stinger found on true scorpions, making them entirely harmless to humans. They are beneficial predators that feed on small insects, mites, and other invertebrates, often found in leaf litter, under bark, or even inside homes.
Despite the absence of native true scorpions, accidental introductions can occur. Scorpions sometimes hitchhike into New York via freight shipments, luggage, or even potted plants arriving from warmer regions where scorpions are prevalent. These instances are rare and typically involve individual specimens rather than established populations. For example, a scorpion was once found in a banana shipment at a New York school, highlighting how these creatures can travel unknowingly.
The European yellow-tailed scorpion (Tetratrichobothrius flavicaudis) is an example of a species that has established populations in other temperate regions, such as parts of the United Kingdom, introduced through historical trade. This small, black scorpion with yellow-brown legs and tail is mildly venomous, with a sting often compared to a bee sting, and it rarely uses its stinger. While it can survive in cooler climates, there are no established populations of this or any other true scorpion species in New York State.
Encountering Scorpions in New York
If you encounter a scorpion, remain calm. Scorpions are arachnids, identifiable by their eight legs, grasping pincers, and a segmented tail ending in a stinger. If found indoors, caution is advised, but most scorpions accidentally introduced to New York are not dangerous to humans.
For safe removal, avoid direct contact with bare hands. Place a glass or container over the scorpion, then slide a piece of stiff cardboard underneath to trap it. Once contained, release the scorpion safely outdoors, far from the building. Alternatively, a broom and dustpan can be used to sweep it into a container, or a vacuum cleaner can effectively remove it.
If a sting occurs, symptoms include immediate pain, numbness, tingling, and slight swelling at the site. Most stings are not life-threatening; clean the area with soap and water and apply a cold pack. Seek medical attention if symptoms are severe, such as difficulty breathing, muscle twitching, or widespread nausea, or if the person stung is a child or has known allergies to insect stings. To prevent future encounters, seal cracks and gaps around windows, doors, and pipes, and reduce clutter both indoors and outdoors that could provide hiding spots. For persistent issues or concerns about identification, contact a professional pest control service.