Scorpions are indeed found in Missouri, despite the state not being a desert environment. While often associated with arid regions, these arachnids have established a presence in various parts of the state. Understanding their habits and characteristics can help residents coexist with them.
Scorpions in Missouri
The only scorpion species naturally occurring in Missouri is the Striped Bark Scorpion, scientifically known as Centruroides vittatus. This species is widely distributed across the south-central United States, including Missouri. Adult Striped Bark Scorpions typically measure about 2.5 inches in length. They are characterized by their yellowish-tan bodies, featuring two broad, dark longitudinal bands running along the top of their abdomen. A dark triangular marking is often visible on the top of their head.
These scorpions possess eight legs, a combined head and thorax, and a segmented abdomen that ends with a stinger. Despite having multiple eyes, their vision is poor; they rely on sensitive hairs on their pincers to detect motion. While they are most common in the southern half of Missouri and the Ozark region, they have also been noted in areas further north, including St. Louis and Kansas City.
Common Habitats
Striped Bark Scorpions are primarily nocturnal, seeking shelter during the day and hunting at night. Outdoors, they prefer to hide under rocks, logs, and loose bark on trees. They also frequent woodpiles, leaf litter, and glades, which are open, rocky areas. Unlike some other scorpion species, the Striped Bark Scorpion does not burrow into the ground.
These scorpions can also seek refuge indoors, especially when outdoor conditions become too hot or dry. Common indoor hiding spots include basements, crawl spaces, and attics, which offer dark, secluded, and often cooler environments. They may also be found in garages or living spaces, sometimes hiding in shoes or folded clothes.
Managing Encounters
The sting of a Striped Bark Scorpion is generally not life-threatening to humans, though it can be quite painful. The sensation is often compared to a bee or wasp sting, causing immediate sharp pain, localized swelling, and redness at the sting site. Some individuals may experience additional symptoms such as numbness, tingling, or muscle spasms. While medical attention is usually not required, individuals with allergies to insect stings should be cautious, as severe allergic reactions, though rare, can occur.
If stung, cleaning the affected area with soap and water is recommended. Applying a cold pack can help reduce pain and swelling.
To prevent scorpions from entering homes, several measures can be taken. Sealing cracks and crevices around doors and windows, and ensuring weather stripping is intact, can block entry points. Removing outdoor debris like woodpiles, rocks, and leaf litter from around the home’s perimeter reduces potential hiding spots and food sources. Reducing indoor moisture and ensuring a dry environment can also make homes less appealing to scorpions.