Many Iowans wonder if scorpions are found within the state, given their association with warmer climates. While scorpions might seem out of place in the Midwest, their presence in Iowa is documented, though uncommon. This article provides clarity on these arachnids, their characteristics, and how to safely interact with them.
The Presence of Scorpions in Iowa
Yes, scorpions exist in Iowa, though they are relatively rare and not widespread. The primary native species is the Plain Eastern Stripeless Scorpion, scientifically known as Vaejovis carolinianus. This scorpion is more commonly found in the southern parts of the state, extending its range from the southern Appalachian Mountains through states like Tennessee and Kentucky. While less common, the Striped Bark Scorpion (Centruroides vittatus) has also been reported in specific Iowa counties, such as Harrison County, likely due to accidental human introduction.
These arachnids thrive in environments that offer shelter and moisture. Despite Iowa’s generally humid climate, the Plain Eastern Stripeless Scorpion finds suitable habitats in specific, often undisturbed, areas. Their presence is generally localized, making encounters infrequent for most Iowans.
Understanding Iowa’s Scorpions
Iowa’s scorpions, particularly the Plain Eastern Stripeless Scorpion, measure between 2 to 3 inches, including their tail. These arachnids have eight legs, grasping pincers, and a segmented tail with a stinger. Their coloration ranges from reddish-brown to dark brown or black, allowing them to blend into their surroundings. Despite multiple eyes, their vision is poor; they rely on sensory hairs and comb-like organs to detect vibrations and navigate their environment.
Iowa’s scorpions are nocturnal. During the day, they seek refuge in dark, undisturbed places such as under rocks, logs, loose bark, or in natural cracks and burrows in the soil. Around human dwellings, they might inhabit woodpiles, crawl spaces, or areas with accumulated debris.
The venom of the Plain Eastern Stripeless Scorpion is mild, comparable to a bee or wasp sting. While a sting can cause localized pain, redness, and swelling, it is not considered medically significant or life-threatening for most healthy individuals.
Encountering Scorpions: What to Know
Encountering a scorpion in Iowa is uncommon, but knowing how to react ensures safety. If spotted, observe it from a distance and avoid direct contact. Since scorpions are nocturnal, be cautious when moving items in dark or undisturbed areas, especially at night. Wearing gloves when gardening or handling firewood, rocks, or other outdoor debris prevents accidental encounters.
To reduce scorpions entering homes, take preventative measures. Seal cracks and gaps in foundations, around doors, and windows to block entry points. Clear clutter such as woodpiles, leaf litter, and rocks from around the house to remove potential hiding spots.
If a sting occurs, clean the affected area with mild soap and water. Apply a cool compress or ice pack to reduce pain and swelling. Over-the-counter pain relievers may also be used. While most scorpion stings in Iowa are not serious, seek medical attention if severe symptoms develop, such as difficulty breathing, widespread pain, or muscle twitching, especially for young children or those with known allergies.