Ravens are present in Oklahoma. These intelligent birds share similarities with crows, but distinct features allow for their identification in the wild. This article explores their presence, characteristics, and behaviors in the state.
Raven Species and Distribution in Oklahoma
The Common Raven (Corvus corax) is the primary species found in Oklahoma, residing year-round. Historically, Common Ravens were more widespread across Oklahoma, but their current breeding distribution is largely restricted to the mesas and buttes of Cimarron County in the far northwestern Panhandle. They are also seen in other parts of the western half of the state, particularly in less urbanized areas.
The Chihuahuan Raven (Corvus cryptoleucus) is also present, though less common. Chihuahuan Ravens are typically found in the western part of the state, especially in dry grassland and desert environments. While they were formerly known to breed across the Panhandle and the western tier of counties, recent records indicate their summer presence is now largely confined to the Panhandle.
Distinguishing Ravens from Crows
Distinguishing ravens from crows can be challenging, as both are large, black birds belonging to the Corvidae family. One key difference is size, with Common Ravens being noticeably larger than American Crows, often comparable in size to a Red-tailed Hawk, while crows are closer to the size of a pigeon. Ravens have a more robust, curvier beak and shaggy throat feathers, less pronounced in crows.
In flight, tail shape provides another reliable identifier; ravens display a wedge-shaped or diamond-shaped tail, whereas crows have a fan-shaped tail. Their vocalizations differ; ravens produce a deeper, guttural croak or gurgle, distinct from the American Crow’s familiar “caw” sound. Ravens tend to soar on thermals, using less active flapping than crows. They often travel alone or in pairs, unlike crows, which are frequently observed in larger groups.
Habitat and Behavior in Oklahoma
In Oklahoma, Common Ravens adapt to various environments, including open plains, canyons, mountainous regions, and rural areas. They can be found near towns and landfills, which provide food sources, but also thrive in remote areas. Chihuahuan Ravens prefer the open, dry conditions of grasslands and desert habitats in western Oklahoma.
Ravens are omnivorous and opportunistic foragers, consuming a diverse diet that includes carrion, small animals, eggs, insects, grains, and human garbage. They often forage in pairs, sometimes using cooperative hunting tactics, such as one bird distracting prey while another secures food. Nesting typically occurs on cliffs, in large trees, or on human-made structures like bridges and communication towers. They are known for their social interactions and aerial acrobatics, sometimes engaging in playful behaviors.