Opossums in Montana: A Surprising Presence
Virginia opossums, North America’s only marsupial, are found in Montana. While not native to the state, their presence marks a relatively recent expansion into this northern region. These unique mammals, known for their prehensile tails and pouched young, are more commonly associated with warmer, southern climates. Scattered observations confirm their existence across parts of Montana, though they remain less common than in other areas of their broader range.
Habitat and Range Expansion
Opossums are relatively new inhabitants of Montana, having expanded their range northward from southern and eastern states. This expansion is partly driven by their remarkable adaptability and opportunistic nature. They often follow river systems and human-altered landscapes, which provide both food and shelter.
Within Montana, opossums tend to inhabit riparian areas, urban and suburban environments, and agricultural lands. These areas offer consistent food sources and suitable denning sites, such as hollow trees, brush piles, or spaces under human structures.
Their ability to thrive in varied environments, including those modified by human activity, has facilitated their spread. Factors like milder winters due to climate change and the availability of anthropogenic food resources in agricultural and urban settings have contributed to their successful northward movement. This ongoing dispersal suggests that opossums are likely to continue establishing themselves in new northern territories, adapting to conditions that were once considered prohibitive for their species.
Encountering Opossums
Identifying a Virginia opossum involves recognizing its distinct features: a pointed snout, a grayish body, and a long, hairless, prehensile tail. They also possess opposable thumbs on their hind feet, aiding in climbing. Opossums are generally docile and non-aggressive, preferring to avoid confrontation.
Their most well-known defense mechanism is an involuntary state of “playing possum,” where they appear dead, often with a frothy mouth and a release of foul-smelling fluid, which can deter predators.
If an opossum is encountered, it is best to observe it from a distance. They are primarily nocturnal and typically pose no threat to humans or pets.
Should an opossum be found in an unwanted location, such as a garage or trash can, ensuring it has a clear escape path is advisable. If the animal does not leave on its own, contacting local wildlife authorities or a professional wildlife removal service is recommended for safe and humane handling.