Otters are found throughout South Carolina. They are a common and widespread native species, thriving across various aquatic environments. Their presence signifies healthy waterways, making them an important part of South Carolina’s ecosystems.
The Otter Species of South Carolina
The otter found in South Carolina is the North American River Otter, scientifically known as Lontra canadensis. This semi-aquatic mammal is the largest member of the weasel family. Its body is streamlined for life in the water, featuring a long, cylindrical shape with short, stout legs and webbed feet.
The fur of the North American River Otter is typically dense and dark brown, often appearing almost black on the back and sides, with a lighter, grayish-brown shade on its belly and face. A muscular, tapered tail makes up approximately one-third of its total length, which can range from 35 to 55 inches. Adult males generally weigh between 15 to 20 pounds, while females are slightly smaller.
Where Otters Thrive in the State
North American River Otters are highly adaptable and live in diverse aquatic habitats across South Carolina. They inhabit all major river drainages, including streams, lakes, and ponds. Their adaptability extends to both freshwater and brackish water systems, thriving in coastal marshes and estuarine areas.
These otters are particularly abundant in coastal marshes and blackwater swamps, where food and cover are plentiful. In the Piedmont region, they frequently utilize beaver ponds and even abandoned beaver lodges for den sites, benefiting from abundant food sources. Otters prefer clear water with minimal human disturbance, although they are observed year-round in every county.
Observing Otters and Coexisting
Observing North American River Otters can be a rewarding experience, though they are often elusive. Signs of their presence include “slides,” which are worn paths about one foot wide leading from the bank into the water, often found on islands or under bushes. Other indicators include their tracks and scat, known as spraints. Otters often build their dens in abandoned burrows, hollow logs, or under rocky ledges near water, sometimes using underwater entrances.
These animals are most active during dawn and dusk, but they can be seen during the day, especially in the winter months in the Lowcountry’s salt marshes and estuaries. River otters are known for their playful behavior, engaging in activities like sliding and water play. They are excellent swimmers, capable of holding their breath underwater for up to four minutes. Their sensitive whiskers help them detect prey in murky waters.
Their diet primarily consists of aquatic organisms, including fish, crayfish, crabs, frogs, and occasionally turtles or bird eggs. When observing otters, it is important to maintain a respectful distance to avoid disturbing their natural behavior. Never attempt to feed or approach wild otters, as direct interaction can be harmful to both otters and humans. Keeping dogs leashed near waterways where otters might be present also helps prevent unwanted encounters.