Moose are present in Vermont, an iconic part of the state’s natural heritage. These large members of the deer family are a significant sight in Vermont’s diverse landscapes.
Where Moose Roam in Vermont
Moose are found throughout much of Vermont, concentrated in regions with ideal habitat. The Northeast Kingdom, particularly Essex County, is home to roughly half of Vermont’s moose population, providing dense forests, wetlands, and higher elevations.
Moose also inhabit the spine of the Green Mountains, extending from the Canadian border to Massachusetts. They favor lowland softwood forests, such as spruce and fir, and wetlands like beaver ponds. These watery areas offer important food sources and help moose regulate their body temperature. During winter, moose often move to higher elevations and forested areas, seeking shelter in dense softwood stands when snow depths are significant. They also utilize young, regenerating forests for foraging year-round.
Vermont’s Moose Population Dynamics
Vermont’s moose population is estimated at around 2,000 animals. Historically, moose were abundant but declined significantly by the mid-1800s due to unregulated hunting and extensive forest clearing. By the mid-20th century, moose were nearly absent from the state.
The population began to recover in the 1970s and grew through the 1990s and early 2000s, reaching over 5,000 individuals. This recovery was aided by forest regrowth and the absence of natural predators like mountain lions and wolves. However, recent decades have seen a reduction in moose numbers from their peak.
Factors influencing population size include habitat availability, with a lack of young forest limiting numbers in many areas. Winter ticks also impact moose health, particularly in areas with higher moose densities like the Northeast Kingdom, leading to lower reproductive rates and increased mortality, especially among calves. Brainworm, a parasite carried by deer, can also affect moose populations, particularly where deer densities are high.
Encountering Moose in Vermont
Observing moose in Vermont can be rewarding, with certain times and locations offering better chances for sightings. Moose are most active during dawn and dusk, making these periods ideal for wildlife viewing. Late spring and early fall are also favorable seasons for sightings.
The Northeast Kingdom remains a prime area for moose spotting. Specific locations include:
West Mountain
Wenlock
Victory Basin Wildlife Management Areas
Conte National Wildlife Refuge
Moose are often seen near salty bogs along Route 114 between East Burke and Canaan, and Route 105 from Island Pond to Bloomfield. A dedicated moose viewing platform is at the junction of Route 105 and Notch Pond Road in Brunswick. When encountering moose, maintain a safe distance and never approach them; these large animals can be unpredictable. Exercising caution ensures a safe and enjoyable viewing experience.