While many might associate moose with northern states and Canada, a small but established population of these large mammals resides in Oregon. Their presence often comes as a surprise, representing a fascinating chapter in the state’s wildlife history. These animals have found a niche in specific regions of the state.
The Presence of Moose in Oregon
Moose are present in Oregon, though they are not historically native, meaning they were not found there at the time of European settlement. The Shiras moose (Alces alces shirasi) is the smallest North American subspecies. Male Shiras moose can weigh around 1,000 pounds, with females typically weighing between 700 to 800 pounds. They are characterized by their dark brown or brownish-black coat, sometimes with grayish-white hair on the undersides of their back legs.
Where Oregon’s Moose Reside
Oregon’s moose population is primarily concentrated in the northeastern part of the state. The Blue Mountains are a key habitat, especially near the Umatilla and Wallowa-Whitman National Forests. They are also found in western Wallowa County, including the 560-square-mile Eagle Cap Wilderness.
Moose prefer environments with abundant willow and other deciduous growth. This includes riparian zones and high-elevation forests. They can also be found in managed coniferous forests with a mix of mature timber and logged areas. Sightings have also occurred along Oregon State Highway 204 between Elgin and Weston, and on Forest Service Road 62 north of Elgin.
Oregon’s Growing Moose Population
Moose were not present in Oregon when European settlers arrived, and a transplant attempt of Alaskan moose to the central Oregon coast in 1922 was unsuccessful. The current moose population established itself through natural dispersal from neighboring states like Idaho and Washington. The first recorded sighting in northeast Oregon occurred in 1960.
Sightings increased substantially in the Blue Mountains between 2001 and 2006, with the first documented calf born in 2005. The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) began monitoring moose in 2006 to study their reproduction, habitat use, and movements. Recent estimates indicate a population of approximately 50 adults and calves in the Blue Mountains area as of early 2024.
Encountering Moose in Oregon
Observing a moose in Oregon can be a memorable experience, but it is important to prioritize safety. Moose are large animals that can be unpredictable, especially if they feel threatened or are protecting calves. It is recommended to maintain a significant distance, at least 25 yards, from a moose. If a moose changes its behavior due to your presence, you are likely too close.
Warning signs that a moose is agitated include laid-back ears, raised hair on its neck or back, and constant licking of its lips. If a moose charges, running away and attempting to place a large obstacle like a tree between yourself and the animal is advised. Reporting moose sightings to the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) helps biologists monitor their distribution and population health.