Moose are abundant in Norway, thriving across much of the country’s diverse landscapes. They hold a significant place in Norwegian wildlife and culture, drawing interest from both locals and visitors.
Moose Presence and Distribution in Norway
Moose are widespread throughout Norway, particularly in its extensive forested regions. Estimates suggest that Norway’s moose population ranges from approximately 120,000 to 150,000 animals, making it one of Europe’s densest moose populations. The population has grown considerably since the mid-20th century, partly due to changes in forestry practices that increased available food sources.
While moose can be found across much of the country, their density varies by region. Some of the highest concentrations, with densities up to 2.5 moose per square kilometer, occur in southeastern Norway, particularly in Hedmark and Ostfold Counties near the Swedish border.
Characteristics and Behavior of Norwegian Moose
Norwegian moose, known locally as “elg,” are the largest land mammals in mainland Norway. A fully grown male, or bull, can weigh up to 700-800 kilograms and stand over two meters tall at the shoulder. Females, called cows, are generally smaller.
Male moose grow large antlers that can span up to two meters wide, which they shed annually and regrow. Moose are herbivores, primarily browsing on leaves, twigs, and bark from trees like spruce, birch, rowan, aspen, and willow, especially during winter. In summer, their diet expands to include heather, herbs, and aquatic plants. They are skilled swimmers and can even wade into water to consume vegetation.
Moose are generally solitary animals, except for cows with their calves. The breeding season typically occurs from mid-September to late October, during which bull moose compete for mates. Calves are usually born in May or June, benefiting from the plentiful food supply during this time. Despite their large size, moose possess keen senses of smell and hearing, though their eyesight is not particularly strong.
Moose and Human Interaction in Norway
Human interaction with moose in Norway is diverse, encompassing both tourism and practical considerations. “Moose safaris” and viewing opportunities are popular attractions, allowing visitors to observe these animals in their natural habitat. These guided tours can involve various modes of transport, including cars, e-bikes, or on foot. The best times for viewing are often during the rutting season in autumn or when calves are born in early summer.
Hunting is a long-standing tradition in Norway and plays a role in managing moose populations. It is a regulated activity, requiring hunters to obtain licenses and pass shooting proficiency tests. The moose hunting season generally runs from late September to late December. Annually, between 25,000 and 40,000 moose are harvested, providing a source of meat that is considered a local delicacy.
Despite their generally peaceful nature, moose pose a notable road safety concern due to their size and habits. Thousands of collisions between vehicles and moose occur each year, with moose accounting for a large percentage of wildlife-related accidents. Moose often traverse roads, especially in winter when snow makes off-road travel difficult, or to access salt used for de-icing. Drivers are advised to reduce speed and remain vigilant, particularly during dawn and dusk.