Grizzly bears are present in Alaska, inhabiting much of the state’s vast wilderness. This expansive habitat allows these large carnivores to thrive, coexisting with other wildlife. Their presence contributes to Alaska’s reputation as a premier destination for wildlife viewing and outdoor exploration.
Grizzly Bear Presence Across Alaska
Grizzly bears are widely distributed throughout Alaska, occupying nearly all of the mainland and many of its islands. They adapt to a broad spectrum of environments, from dense coastal forests to open arctic tundra. Their range includes boreal forests, subalpine regions, and low elevation areas like riparian forests and wetlands, particularly in spring when new vegetation emerges.
While found across most of the state, exceptions include islands south of Frederick Sound in Southeast Alaska, and those west of Unimak in the Aleutian Chain and Bering Sea islands.
The Brown Bear vs. Grizzly Bear Distinction
In North America, “grizzly bear” and “brown bear” refer to the same species, Ursus arctos. The distinction often relates to their geographic location and diet, which influences their size. “Grizzly bear” typically describes inland populations, while “brown bear” commonly refers to larger coastal populations with access to abundant marine food sources like salmon.
Both types share similar physical characteristics, including a prominent muscular hump between their shoulders, a dish-shaped or concave facial profile, and long claws. These claws are adapted for digging and foraging but do not enable them to climb trees like black bears. Their fur color varies widely, often displaying a “grizzled” appearance with lighter tips on darker hairs, which gave the grizzly its name.
Alaskan Grizzly Bear Population and Status
Alaska is home to the largest population of brown bears, also known as grizzlies, in North America. Estimates suggest there are approximately 30,000 individuals within the state. This substantial and stable population accounts for a significant majority of the entire U.S. brown bear population.
Unlike in the contiguous United States, where grizzly bears are listed as a threatened species, they are not considered endangered in Alaska. The conservation status of the brown bear globally is “Least Concern,” and in Alaska, their population is deemed “Apparently Secure.” Wildlife management efforts play a role in maintaining these healthy and productive populations across the state.
Coexisting with Grizzly Bears
Living or recreating in Alaska’s bear country requires understanding and practicing safety measures to minimize human-bear conflicts. One fundamental guideline is to make noise while on trails, especially in areas with limited visibility, to avoid surprising a bear. Traveling in groups can also make your presence more noticeable to bears.
Carrying bear spray and knowing how to use it is a recommended safety precaution. Proper food storage is also important; all food, garbage, and scented items should be secured in bear-resistant containers or hung out of reach to prevent attracting bears. It is important to never approach or crowd bears, and always give them ample space, particularly if cubs are present, as mother bears are highly protective. In the event of an encounter, remaining calm, standing your ground, and speaking in a low, calm voice can help de-escalate the situation.