New Orleans, a city surrounded by diverse wetlands, is home to large reptiles. However, the prominent large reptile found in and around New Orleans is not the crocodile, but rather the American alligator. While both are impressive ancient creatures with significant roles in their ecosystems, their presence in Louisiana is distinct. Visitors and residents exploring the region’s natural beauty will primarily encounter these native alligators.
Identifying the Local Reptile
A primary distinction between alligators and crocodiles lies in their snout shape; alligators possess a broad, U-shaped snout, which is well-suited for crushing hard-shelled prey like turtles. Crocodiles, in contrast, have a more pointed, V-shaped snout, adapted for catching fish and other swift-moving animals. Another telling feature is tooth visibility: when an alligator closes its mouth, its upper jaw largely conceals the lower teeth. However, with a crocodile, the fourth tooth on each side of its lower jaw remains visible, protruding outside the upper jaw.
Alligators primarily inhabit freshwater environments such as swamps, lakes, and rivers, though they can tolerate some brackish water. Crocodiles, conversely, are more tolerant of saltwater and are typically found in coastal areas, estuaries, or brackish waters. The American alligator is native to Louisiana’s extensive wetlands; crocodiles are not native to the region and are mainly found in South Florida within the United States.
Alligator Habitats Near New Orleans
The New Orleans area, with its abundant water bodies, provides an ideal environment for American alligators. These reptiles thrive in freshwater swamps, bayous, marshes, and even drainage canals. Louisiana, along with Florida, boasts over a million wild alligators. Most of Louisiana’s alligators are concentrated in coastal marshes.
Alligators are also found in cypress-tupelo swamps, the Atchafalaya Basin, and various lakes. While less common in urban areas, alligators can be spotted in waterways and lagoons within City Park in New Orleans. Areas like Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve, just outside the city, and the Salvador Wildlife Management Area, are known for their abundant alligator populations.
Safety Guidelines for Alligator Encounters
Alligators are an integral part of Louisiana’s ecosystem, so exercising caution around them is important. They generally avoid humans and are not naturally inclined to attack, but they can become dangerous if provoked or if they associate humans with food. It is against state law to feed or harass alligators, as this habituates them to human presence and creates safety problems. Disposing of fish scraps into the water or leaving them on shore can inadvertently attract alligators.
Maintain a safe distance, generally at least 50 feet, when observing alligators. Supervise children and pets closely, keeping pets on leashes and away from the water’s edge, as alligators may mistake them for natural prey. Swimming should be avoided in unapproved areas, especially at night, dusk, or dawn, when alligators are most active. If an alligator appears aggressive or hisses, slowly back away. In the rare event of an alligator attack, fighting back by hitting sensitive areas like the snout or eyes is recommended.